A guide to architectural sites of the Eastern Caribbean, reflecting African, Amerindian, European, and East Indian influences.

On a small Caribbean island, Will Mattison controls everything, even the death and interment of his son-in-law, Charles Collier. Ava Collier, Charless mom, arrives on the island for the funeral and soon understands that she must stay to uncover the truth about her sons death and reclaim his ashes from Mattisons three-hundred-year-old sugar mill. Allies emerge to aid Ava in her questa Rasta boardwalk bum, an aboriginal mystic in the rainforest, a crusading radio-station owner, and Anole, a dark young man named for a climbing lizard. What Ava learns from these islanders and others will change her forever, and the sugar mill becomes her powerful symbol of endurance.

Study of sugar industry in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands which spanned from its earliest settlements to the mid-20th century with focus on the later period and the industry's decline as the economic determinant that influenced the social and cultural fiber of the island.

Early in the twentieth century, the Cuban sugarcane industry faced a labor crisis when Cuban and European workers balked at the inhumane conditions they endured in the cane fields. Rather than reforming their practices, sugar companies gained permission from the Cuban government to import thousands of black workers from other Caribbean colonies, primarily Haiti and Jamaica. Black Labor, White Sugar illuminates the story of these immigrants, their exploitation by the sugarcane companies, and the strategies they used to fight back. Philip A. Howard traces the socioeconomic and political circumstances in Haiti and Jamaica that led men to leave their homelands to cut, load, and haul sugarcane in Cuba. Once there, the field workers, or braceros, were subject to marginalization and even violence from the sugar companies, which used structures of race, ethnicity, color, and class to subjugate these laborers. Howard argues that braceros drew on their cultural identities-from concepts of home and family to spiritual worldviews-to interpret and contest their experiences in Cuba. They also fought against their exploitation in more overt ways. As labor conditions worsened in response to falling sugar prices, the principles of anarcho-syndicalism converged with the Pan-African philosophy of Marcus Garvey to foster the evolution of a protest culture among black Caribbean laborers. By the mid-1920s, this identity encouraged many braceros to participate in strikes that sought to improve wages as well as living and working conditions. The first full-length exploration of Haitian and Jamaican workers in the Cuban sugarcane industry, Black Labor, White Sugar examines the industry's abuse of thousands of black Caribbean immigrants, and the braceros' answering struggle for power and self-definition.

Social theory on adverse social implications of large sugar cane plantations based on forced labour of plantation workers with wages kept artificially low. Economic implications of large land ownership accompanied by rural area poverty, as experienced by Cuba and other Caribbean countries. Some references as footnotes.

Barbados 1652. In the aftermath of the English Civil War, the vanquished are uprooted and scattered to the ends of the earth. When marauding English soldiers descend on Mairead O’Coneill’s family farm, she is sold into indentured servitude. After surviving a harrowing voyage, the young Irish woman is auctioned off to a Barbados sugar plantation where she is thrust into a hostile world of depravation and heartbreak. Though stripped of her freedom, Mairead refuses to surrender her dignity. Scottish prisoner of war Iain Johnstone has descended into hell. Under a blazing sun thousands of miles from home, he endures forced indentured labour in the unforgiving cane fields. As Iain plots his escape to save his men, his loyalties are tested by his yearning for Mairead and his desire to protect her. With their future stolen, Mairead and Iain discover passion and freedom in each other’s arms. Until one fateful night, a dramatic chain of events turns them into fugitives. Severed Knot, the second instalment of the standalone series, Quest for the Three Kingdoms, is a B.R.A.G Medallion Honoree and a finalist for the 2019 Chaucer Award. "A truly unforgettable gem of a historic novel" - InD'tale Magazine (Crowned Heart)