Major research advances have substantially improved our understanding of the biology of HIV and the pathogenesis (i.e., origin and development) of AIDS. The pathogenesis of AIDS is now known to result from the ability of HIV to replicate at the rate of a billion new virions (viral particles) per day and nearly 10 trillion new virions over the course of HIV infection. This, countered by the ability of the body to produce CD4+ T cell lymphocytes (a primary target cell for HIV), sets the stage for the struggle between HIV and the immune system--a struggle that lasts from the first day of HIV infection to end-stage disease and death.

This book is an attempt to bridge the gap between research on substance abuse treatment programs and what actually goes on in the field of substance abuse treatment. It is aimed at both the academic and practitioner market (as is Perkinson) and it clearly describes how to determine what evidence based practice is and it addresses some of the challenges that practioners and agency directors might face in implementing EBP. The book is well-written and highly practical. It contains two complete case studies that outline two examples of Evidence based practice which will be particularly useful in the course market.

This Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP)is a companion to TIP 51, Substance Abuse Treatment: Addressing the Specific Needs of Women. These two volumes look at how gender-specific treatment strategies can improve outcomes for men and women, respectively.The physical, psychological, social, and spiritual effects of substance use and abuse on men can be quite different from the effects on women, and those differences have implications for treatment in behavioral health settings. Men are also affected by social and cultural forces in different ways than women, and physical differences between the genders influence substance use and recovery as well.This TIP, Addressing the Specific Behavioral Health Needs of Men, addresses these distinctions. It provides practical information based on available evidence and clinical experience that can help counselors more effectively treatment with substance use disorders

The primary audience for this TIP is administrators of outpatient substance abuse treatment programs. A few words about this audience are in order. Whereas TIP 8 addressed intensive outpatient treatment, the current TIP drops the word "intensive" from its title because the consensus panel hopes that this TIP will find an audience beyond administrators of IOT programs. Most of the concepts and guidelines included in this TIP apply to the administration of all substance abuse outpatient treatment (OT) programs. On those rare occasions when information applies only to IOT programs, the authors have been sure to make this clear. Although the term "administrator" is used most often to describe the audience for this book, the terms "executive" and "director" appear as well and are used interchangeably with administrator. These overlapping terms emphasize the varied roles and responsibilities that administrators assume.