This work discusses the variations that occur in the strength of concrete and presents numerical methods useful in interpreting these variations. Individual chapters include the relationship between composition and strength of concrete.

Concrete made using mineral cements, the raw materials which on earth are practically endless, is known as one of the oldest building materials and during the last decades of the twentieth century has become a dominant building material for general use. At the same time, the requirements of the quality of concrete and its performance properties, in particular compressive strength, durability, economical efficiency, and low negative impact of its manufacture on the environment have not yet been completely met. Bearing these requirements in mind, researchers and engineers worldwide are working on how to satisfy these requirements. This book has been written by researchers and experts in the field and provides the state of the art on recent progress achieved on the properties of concrete, including concrete in which industrial by-products are utilized. The book is dedicated to graduate students, researchers, and practicing engineers in related fields.

When produced correctly, concrete can be extremely strong, with high load-bearing capacity and superior durability. Another noteworthy property is the relatively low amount of energy and resources consumed during production. Super-High-Strength High Performance Concrete brings together the results of a major research project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China. This ten-year project explored the properties, performance, and potential of super-high-strength high performance (SHSHP) concrete. With a view towards improved production that optimizes the strength and durability of concrete, the book presents a host of topics on the cutting edge of concrete research. These include: A new method for the specific strength analysis of the pozzolanic effect of active mineral admixtures Analysis of the strength composition of SHSHP concrete Optimization of raw materials and mix proportion parameters for strength and flowability Analysis of the mechanical properties, deformation, and durability of SHSHP concrete Methods for decreasing autogeneous shrinkage Testing methods for SHSHP concrete The book concludes with a consideration of the practical and economic benefits of these optimized concretes. A systematic study of the different aspects of this essential commodity as well as the future direction of concrete science and technology, this book is a valuable resource for material scientists and engineers engaged in developing better structures.

Concrete is the most used man-made material in the world since its invention. The widespread use of this material has led to continuous developments such as ultra-high strength concrete and self-compacting concrete. Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste focuses on the recent development which the use of various types of recycled waste materials as aggregate in the production of various types of concrete. By drawing together information and data from various fields and sources, Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste provides full coverage of this subject. Divided into two parts, a compilation of varied literature data related to the use of various types of industrial waste as aggregates in concrete is followed by a discussion of the use of construction and demolition waste as aggregate in concrete. The properties of the aggregates and their effect on various concrete properties are presented, and the quantitative procedure to estimate the properties of concrete containing construction and demolition waste as aggregates is explained. Current codes and practices developed in various countries to use construction and demolition waste as aggregates in concrete and issues related to the sustainability of cement and concrete production are also discussed. The comprehensive information presented in Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste will be helpful to graduate students, researchers and concrete technologists. The collected data will also be an essential reference for practicing engineers who face problems concerning the use of these materials in concrete production.

The quality and testing of materials used in construction are covered by reference to the appropriate ASTM standard specifications. Welding of reinforcement is covered by reference to the appropriate AWS standard. Uses of the Code include adoption by reference in general building codes, and earlier editions have been widely used in this manner. The Code is written in a format that allows such reference without change to its language. Therefore, background details or suggestions for carrying out the requirements or intent of the Code portion cannot be included. The Commentary is provided for this purpose. Some of the considerations of the committee in developing the Code portion are discussed within the Commentary, with emphasis given to the explanation of new or revised provisions. Much of the research data referenced in preparing the Code is cited for the user desiring to study individual questions in greater detail. Other documents that provide suggestions for carrying out the requirements of the Code are also cited.