This report provides important state-by-state information on the characteristics and performance of schools and students in each state, information that is vital to monitoring the progress and evaluating the success of local, state, and national education reforms. The report disaggregates student achievement data so that attention can be focused not only on the average student, but on students in high poverty schools, migrant students, and students with limited English proficiency. Indicators in each state profile are organized into these categories: (1) school and teacher demographics; (2) student demographics; (3) statewide accountability information; and (4) student achievement. Information is also provided for Title I programs in each state. Statewide totals for numbers of students in public elementary and secondary schools are reported for 2 years, the most recent year for which data are available and the baseline year closest to 1990 for which there are data. Indicators are reported for each state, the District of Columbia, and the entire United States. Appendixes contain state proficiency level definitions, state rankings for various indicators, and information on the National Assessment of Educational Progress. (SLD)

Adding It Up explores how students in pre-K through 8th grade learn mathematics and recommends how teaching, curricula, and teacher education should change to improve mathematics learning during these critical years. The committee identifies five interdependent components of mathematical proficiency and describes how students develop this proficiency. With examples and illustrations, the book presents a portrait of mathematics learning: Research findings on what children know about numbers by the time they arrive in pre-K and the implications for mathematics instruction. Details on the processes by which students acquire mathematical proficiency with whole numbers, rational numbers, and integers, as well as beginning algebra, geometry, measurement, and probability and statistics. The committee discusses what is known from research about teaching for mathematics proficiency, focusing on the interactions between teachers and students around educational materials and how teachers develop proficiency in teaching mathematics.