Saint Andrew, Scotland's patron saint, was reputedly crucified at Patras on a cross of X shape, now the well-known white cross on blue of the Saltire flag. However, the association of the saint with the X-shaped cross is not a feature in the early cult of Saint Andrew and does not appear in any of the apocryphal material describing his martyrdom. Using both literary and iconographical evidence, Ursula Hall attempts to determine when, where and how this development in the popular tradition and in the depiction of Saint Andrew's death might have taken place. In a clear, captivating style, Hall examines various written accounts of St Andrew's life and death, along with an analysis of the traditions and procedures of crucifixion at the time. Pictorial representations of Saint Andrew, in mediums such as embroidery, seals, paintings, sculptures and glass work are abundant compared to literary evidence about his tradition. Hall examines a variety of these works to uncover the development of iconography and legends surrounding Saint Andrew in Europe, England and Scotland. Through these studies, and in conjunction with an analysis of the functions and context of the X-shaped cross in Christian tradition, she offers fascinating explanations for the association between the distinctive cross and Scotland's patron saint.

In this inspiring novel, one ordinary man makes the pilgrimage to the mythical greens of St. Andrews—the birthplace of golf—on a search for greatness. If golf novels had a leaderboard, Miracle at St. Andrews would be at the top. Though nobody has ever identified a single secret—no universally accepted truth—to the sport, every real player searches for one. Travis McKinley is one such seeker. A former professional golfer who feels like he's an amateur at the rest of life, he makes a pilgrimage to the mythical greens at St. Andrews. On the course where golf was born, every link, hole, fairway—even the gorse—feels like sacred ground. Ground that can help an ordinary player, an ordinary man, achieve a higher plane.

A brief biography of St. Andrew, one of Jesus' disciples who later became the patron saint of Scotland. Also discusses the customs and traditions linked to St Andrew's day on 30 November. Suggested level: junior, primary.