This research work plays an important role in transforming current conventional methodology in fruit quality definition and evaluation into scientific and technological objectives and implementation. Conventional definition in evaluating fruit quality is based on its physical attributes such as colour, size, shape and percentage of physical defects. While the conventional practice is dominating fruit industry, the efforts to transform this conventional definition towards a more valuable and scientific interpretation has been put forth by various research groups worldwide. For every presented variable, evaluating or quantifying methodologies will be introduced and promoted by scientific societies. Similarly to fruit quality evaluation, several methodologies have been introduced, based on its physical or intrinsic definition. Despite many efforts that have been carried out in this research area, gaps still exist for the new research to take place especially in the area related to development of low cost measuring system, miniature and mobile system, online monitoring system with rapid time of measurement and high accuracy and precision measurement algorithm. Hence, this book is written particularly to explore the ability of visible and near infrared spectroscopy in quantitatively determining fruit intrinsic qualities with in-depth case studies on two prominent tropical fruits, Sala mango and B10 carambola.

Agri-product such as grains, fruits and vegetables play a very important role in people's daily life. The agri-product quality directly affects human life and health. Agri-product quality refers to the quality characteristics acceptable to consumers, which mainly includes external factors such as size, shape, color, defect and texture, and internal factors such as physical properties, chemical composition and tissue diseases. Generally speaking, variety, climate, soil, cultivation techniques, diseases and pests are all factors that affect the agri-product quality. Traditional methods for agri-product quality evaluation are time-consuming, complex, and expensive. With the continuous development of modern science and technology, rapid and nondestructive detection technologies are applied to evaluate the quality of agri-product. These technologies could obtain the optical, acoustics and electrical properties of a specific substance and then reveal the appearance and internal quality of the agri-product. Furthermore, the trend today is that consumers have become more exigent for information about the products they purchase, which makes the nondestructive detection technology has more important application value in the field of agri-product quality evaluation.

Now in its fifth edition, Care of People with Diabetes is a comprehensive clinical manual for nurses, healthcare professionals and students alike, providing an extensive summary of the most up-to-date knowledge in a rapidly developing field, as well as the role of education and self-care in achieving desirable outcomes. Covering both the theory and evidence-based practice of diabetes care, this authoritative volume integrates traditional thinking and innovative concepts to challenge readers to ‘think outside the box’ when rendering care. New and updated content on the pathophysiology of diabetes and the implications for management, how to apply guideline recommendations in practice, and contemporary evidence for best practice diabetes care Highlights personalised care and shared, evidence-based decision-making, emphasising the need for effective communication to reduce judgmental language and the negative effect it has on wellbeing and outcomes Written by internationally recognised experts in diabetes care, research and education Includes a range of learning features, such as practice questions, key learning points, diagrams, and further reading suggestions Care of People with Diabetes is an essential companion to clinical practice for both trainee and experienced nurses and healthcare professionals, particularly those in acute care settings, and students undertaking diabetes courses or preparing for qualification exams.

The colloquium will provide an excellent platform for knowledge exchange between researchers, scientists, academicians and engineers working in the areas of automation, process, scientific research and analysis This event calls for local and international participation