The purpose of this book is to examine whether physical distance from jobs or racial discrimination in youth labor markets explains a greater part of minority youth’s employment problems. First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The purpose of this book is to examine whether physical distance from jobs or racial discrimination in youth labor markets explains a greater part of minority youth’s employment problems. First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Too little sociological attention has been paid to questions surrounding the inequalities and deprivation experienced by American Indians. Integrating insights from American Indian history and the race and labor market inequality literatures, I address this gap in this dissertation through a historically-informed labor market analysis of American Indian underemployment, unemployment, income, and poverty - an analysis that gauges how the spatial dispersion of Native inequality across each of these outcomes is shaped by two major demographic and economic shifts: 1) the rapid urbanization of the Native population and resulting heterogeneity in the labor contexts in which Native Americans now reside, and; 2) the proliferation of tribally owned casinos. My analyses draw on novel two-tiered data that embed individual Natives and Non-Hispanic Whites from the 2007-2011 American Community Survey within the local labor markets in which they reside. This allows for comparison of American Indian versus White labor market and socioeconomic inequalities across localities and labor market contexts. A key nuance to this data is its capacity to not only quantify the effect of general local labor market conditions, but also to gauge the effect of the presence of Native-owned casinos. Noteworthy among my findings is the enduring and incredibly rigid nature of American Indian labor market and poverty disadvantages in the U.S.-disadvantages largely unaffected by residence and variations in general labor market opportunity. The inclusion of tribal casino presence, in conjunction with interactions with locality type, shows moderate inequality reductions, though hardly enough to compensate for the significant race/ethnic deprivation that we find across the U.S. I conclude by discussing the relevance/irrelevance of traditional labor market opportunity conceptions for American Indians, the pertinence of Native-controlled employment avenues, and how future sociological scholarship on the topic might effectively move forward.

The essays in this 1994 book aim to integrate labour history within the broader discipline of social history and to demonstrate the continuing vitality and validity of the sub-discipline. Each essay is in itself a response to criticisms of the ways in which labour historians have approached their subjects.

The H-2 program, originally based in Florida, is the longest running labor-importation program in the country. Over the course of a quarter-century of research, Griffith studied rural labor processes and their national and international effects. In this book, he examines the socioeconomic effects of the H-2 program on both the areas where the laborers work and the areas they are from, and, taking a uniquely humanitarian stance, he considers the effects of the program on the laborers themselves.

This book discusses the institutional aspects of the American labor market. The introduction assesses the major changes since 1971.

From 1940 to 1970, nearly four million black migrants left the American rural South to settle in the industrial cities of the North and West. Competition in the Promised Land provides a comprehensive account of the long-lasting effects of the influx of black workers on labor markets and urban space in receiving areas. Traditionally, the Great Black Migration has been lauded as a path to general black economic progress. Leah Boustan challenges this view, arguing instead that the migration produced winners and losers within the black community. Boustan shows that migrants themselves gained tremendously, more than doubling their earnings by moving North. But these new arrivals competed with existing black workers, limiting black–white wage convergence in Northern labor markets and slowing black economic growth. Furthermore, many white households responded to the black migration by relocating to the suburbs. White flight was motivated not only by neighborhood racial change but also by the desire on the part of white residents to avoid participating in the local public services and fiscal obligations of increasingly diverse cities. Employing historical census data and state-of-the-art econometric methods, Competition in the Promised Land revises our understanding of the Great Black Migration and its role in the transformation of American society.