High-precision cleaning is required across a wide range of sectors, including aerospace, defense, medical device manufacturing, pharmaceutical processing, semiconductor/electronics, etc. Cleaning parts and surfaces with solvents is simple, effective and low-cost. Although health and safety and environmental concerns come into play with the use of solvents, this book explores how safe and compliant solvent-based cleaning techniques can be implemented. A key to this is the selection of the right solvent. The author also examines a range of newer "green" solvent cleaning options. This book supplies scientific fundamentals and practical guidance supported by real-world examples. Durkee explains the three principal methods of solvent selection: matching of solubility parameters, reduction of potential for smog formation, and matching of physical properties. He also provides guidance on the safe use of aerosols, wipe-cleaning techniques, solvent stabilization, economics, and many other topics. A compendium of blend rules is included, covering the physical, chemical, and environmental properties of solvents. - Three methods explained in detail for substitution of suitable solvents for those unsuitable for any reason: toxic solvents don't have to be tolerated; this volume explains how to do better - Enables users to make informed judgments about their selection of cleaning solvents for specific applications, including solvent replacement decisions - Explains how to plan and implement solvent cleaning systems that are effective, economical and compliant with regulations

A comprehensive, extensive textual analysis of the principles of solvent selection and use, the handbook is intended to help formulators select ideal solvents, safety coordinators to protect workers, and legislators and inspectors to define and implement technically correct public safeguards for use, handling, and disposal.

Keeping pace with current trends in solvent production, this volume builds upon its previous edition with broader coverage of safe handling practices, health effects, physical properties, and chemical synthesis routes to some of the most important organic solvents used in the chemical and allied process industries. This handy reference features a glossary of solvent terminology and an easy-to-reference index of synonyms for chemicals and solvents. The Second Edition features new and updated chapters on the major classes of organic solvents, descriptions for general use, and the chemical formulation, thermodynamic properties, health and toxicity, and combustible characteristics of solvents.

This book presents a complete picture of the current state-of-the-art in alternative and green solvents used for laboratory and industrial natural product extraction in terms of the latest innovations, original methods and safe products. It provides the necessary theoretical background and details on extraction, techniques, mechanisms, protocols, industrial applications, safety precautions and environmental impacts. This book is aimed at professionals from industry, academicians engaged in extraction engineering or natural product chemistry research, and graduate level students. The individual chapters complement one another, were written by respected international researchers and recognized professionals from the industry, and address the latest efforts in the field. It is also the first sourcebook to focus on the rapid developments in this field.

High-precision cleaning is required across many sectors, including aerospace, defense, medical device manufacturing, pharmaceutical processing, semiconductor/electronics, and more. In this comprehensive reference work, solvent cleaning equipment is thoroughly covered with a focus on the engineering details of its operation and selection. Key data is provided alongside practical guidance, giving scientists and engineers in multiple sectors the information they need not only to choose the correct machine in the first place, but also how to operate it effectively and efficiently. Low emission open-top vapor degreasers, enclosed machines of the vacuum and pressurized type, cosolvent machines, and adsorption of "tailpipe emissions" are covered in detail and fully illustrated in color. This unique book covers material known by designers and manufacturers of solvent cleaning machines, but not collected and organized for the benefit of users. The comprehensive coverage provided by John Durkee makes this book relevant and timely not only for readers who wish to know more about how solvent cleaning equipment works but also those who are under pressure from environmental regulators or corporate management to find effective alternatives and those engaged in non-solvent cleaning operations who are unsatisfied with their cleaning results. - Clear, straightforward explanations of how various types of cleaning solvents should be managed to clean parts - Full-color, hand-drawn illustrations and photographs of the important internal sections of solvent cleaning machines - Design calculations of operating parameters in solvent cleaning machines

The second edition of this useful book describes almost 2900 surfactants which are currently available for industrial use. The book will be of value to technical and managerial personnel involved in the specification and use of these products. The information has been developed directly from information received from 46 surfactant suppliers. Industrial surfactants find uses in almost every industry, from asphalt manufacturing to carpet fibers, from pulp and paper production to leather processing. Examples of the types of chemicals used as surfactants are fatty alcohol sulfates, alkanolamides, alkoxylates, sulfosuccinates, amines, quaternaries, phosphate esters, acid esters, block copolymers, betaines, imidazolines, alkyl sulfonates, etc.