This report summarizes findings in the agronomic area of fertilizer research from July 1, 1975, through September 30, 1978. Similar 3-year reports were issued in 1957 and at 3-year intervals thereafter.

Potential whistle-blower bewares. Whistling blowing act might lead to career suicide. So think carefully before you plunge into action, because ultimately the price you have to pay is your dismissal. Government agency apparently is rarely prepared to admit mistakes or attend to the views expressed by their workers. In fact, more often than not, they would rather deny the charges from workers and continue to not respond to it or even lie about it. Government agency often issues its policy statement encouraging its employees to freely express their view without fear of recrimination or retributions. But be careful before you take the bait, which I did. Employees should know that there is also an unwritten policy, which is to harass or retaliate against people critical of or who disagree with any action taken by the agency. These people are labeled troublemakers and will eventually be terminated. Remember government rarely practices what it preaches, period. Government will often spend an enormous amount of time and resources to orchestrate the removal of the so-called whistle blowers, a.k.a. troublemakers. These whistle blowers are often persecuted for the only crime they committed which is to tell the truth, and would ultimately be dismissed from their jobs. My advice to the would-be whistle blower is this: do not blow the whistle unless you are prepared to lose everything. It is better to remain silence than to speak out to lose your job.

A growing interest has been shown recently in the dymanics of nitrogen in agricultural and natural ecosystems. This has been caused by increasing demands for food and fibre by a rapidly expanding world population, and by a growing concern that increased land clearing, cultivation and use of both fertilizer and biologically fixed nitrogen can have detrimental effects on the environment. These include effects on water quality, eutrophication of surface waters and changes in atmospheric composition all caused by increased cycling of nitrogenous compounds. The input and availability of nitrogen frequently affects the productivity of farming systems more than any other single management factor, but often the nitrogen is used inefficiently. Much of the fertilizer nitrogen applied to the soil is not utilised by the crop: it is lost either in solution form, by leaching of nitrate, or in gaseous forms as ammonia, nitrous oxide, nitric oxide or dinitrogen. The leached nitrate can contaminate rivers and ground waters, while the emitted ammonia can contaminate surface waters or combine with atmospheric sulfur dioxide to form aerosols which affect visibility, health and climate. There is also concern that increased evolution of nitrous oxide will deplete the protective ozone layer of the stratosphere. The possibility of a link between the intensity of agricultural use of nitrogen, nitrous oxide emissions and amounts of stratospheric ozone has focussed attention on these interactions.