In order to improve the quality and efficiency of youth employment, this book examines the cases of the Romanian labour market and of youth employment performance. Recent developments in the labour market participation of young people indicate an accentuation of labour market segmentation and a decrease in job security for young people, with the risk of exclusion and marginalization, fuelled by longer transition processes towards decent employment. This transition may seem clear when one looks at two aspects: education and employment. The challenge the transition towards employment presents is faced by all, regardless of one’s level of education, as employment security is uncertain. The situation young people find themselves in when they finish school and have no job opportunities is a rather delicate one as society offers no “safety nets”. This book, as well as others in the ADAPT Labour Studies Book-Series, explains the challenges young people deal with while playing a vital role within the community they live in. As Kafka has been quoted as saying, “Youth is happy because it has the ability to see beauty. Anyone who keeps the ability to see beauty never grows old”. Therefore, young people, and those young at heart, perform an integral role in society, and they must be well integrated to enable their successful engagement within their communities.

Romania, one of the poorest nations in Europe, faces critical challenges in its efforts to implement labour market and social programmes similar to those found in more developed countries.

In the European Union countries and neighbouring regions, the expansion will produce a redistribution of the labour force between industries and countries. After the Romania's adhesion to the European Union, the need for an increased productivity, the lack of capital, the competition on the EU market and the low wages have concurred to the intensification of the migration process of the labour force, especially to the West European countries. As example, from over two millions of Romanians working abroad (almost 10 % from total population), 40% have chosen to work in Italy, 18% in Spain, 5% in Germany. In this context, the questions that appear refer to the following issues: Does a real possibility exist for the emigrants to join the active population of the destination country and being employed according to their competences? How many Romanians citizens continue to stay in a foreign country if their job is not proper with their professional skills? Which countries in European Union apply discrimination on its labour market? Do European Countries usually admit Romanian employees temporarily and expect them to leave in short time if they can't find a proper job? Which are the socio-economic effects of labour mobility on the Common Market of EU? Which are the forecasts concerning the labour mobility in the next years? In our paper, we try to answer these questions and we also intend to make a comparative analysis concerning - what we consider - some of the most important challenges occurred in Romania's economy in the context of the mentioned migration process: the adoption of an economic growth model based on the increase of the employed population, the diminution of the discrepancies between our country labour market and the EU target established through Lisbon Strategy, the creation of a new structure of occupation with support in productivity growth and labour price.

Though globalisation of the world economy is currently a powerful force, people’s international mobility appears to still be very limited. The goal of this book is to improve our knowledge of the true effects of migration flows. It includes contributions by prominent academic researchers analysing the socio-economic impact of migration in a variety of contexts: interconnection of people and trade flows, causes and consequences of capital remittances, understanding the macroeconomic impact of migration and the labour market effects of people’s flows. The latest analytical methodologies are employed in all chapters, while interesting policy guidelines emerge from the investigations. The style of the volume makes it accessible for both non-experts and advanced readers interested in this hot topic of today’s world.