This book is one of a series of five volumes forming an integrated, self-study course on silicon device physics, modes of operation, characterization, and fabrication. The series is based on many years of the author’s experience in academic and industrial teaching of semiconductors. The books are suitable for both class-teaching and self-study. The authors have designed the content to enable readers to be introduced gradually to semiconductors, in particular silicon components. The presentation includes many illustrations, practical examples, review questions and problems at the end of each chapter. Answers to review questions and solutions to problems will be provided for "self-check". Complements courses covering silicon device physics, mode of components, characterization, and fabrication; Enables comprehensive, self-study in semiconductors, aimed at practicing engineers or university students; Includes many illustrations, practical examples, review questions and problems at the end of each chapter.

This book is one of a series of five volumes forming an integrated, self-study course on silicon device physics, modes of operation, characterization, and fabrication. The series is based on many years of the author’s experience in academic and industrial teaching of semiconductors. The books are suitable for both class-teaching and self-study. The authors have designed the content to enable readers to be introduced gradually to semiconductors, in particular silicon components. The presentation includes many illustrations, practical examples, review questions and problems at the end of each chapter. Answers to review questions and solutions to problems will be provided for “self-check”. Complements courses covering silicon device physics, mode of components, characterization, and fabrication; Enables comprehensive, self-study in semiconductors, aimed at practicing engineers or university students; Includes many illustrations, practical examples, review questions and problems at the end of each chapter.

This book covers modern analog components, their characteristics, and interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide, addressing both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. Based on the authors’ extensive experience in the development of analog devices, this book is intended for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science.

The remarkable development of molecular biology has had its counterpart in an impressive growth of a segment of biology that might be described as atomic biology. The past several decades have witnessed an explosive growth in our knowledge of the many elements that are essential for life and maintenance of plants and animals. These essential elements include the bulk elements (hydro gen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur), the macrominerals (sodium, potas sium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and phosphorus), and the trace elements. This last group includes the ultra trace elements and iron, zinc, and copper. Only the ultratrace elements are featured in this book. Iron has attracted so much research that two volumes are devoted to this metal-The Biochemistry of Non-Heme Iron by A. Bezkoravainy, Plenum Press, 1980, and The Biochemistry of Heme Iron (in preparation). Copper and zinc are also represented by a separate volume in this series. The present volume begins with a discussion of essentiality as applied to the elements and a survey of the entire spectrum of possible required elements.

Silicon Devices and Process Integration covers state-of-the-art silicon devices, their characteristics, and their interactions with process parameters. It serves as a comprehensive guide which addresses both the theoretical and practical aspects of modern silicon devices and the relationship between their electrical properties and processing conditions. The book is compiled from the author’s industrial and academic lecture notes and reflects years of experience in the development of silicon devices. Features include: A review of silicon properties which provides a foundation for understanding the device properties discussion, including mobility-enhancement by straining silicon; State-of-the-art technologies on high-K gate dielectrics, low-K dielectrics, Cu interconnects, and SiGe BiCMOS; CMOS-only applications, such as subthreshold current and parasitic latch-up; Advanced Enabling processes and process integration. This book is written for engineers and scientists in semiconductor research, development and manufacturing. The problems at the end of each chapter and the numerous charts, figures and tables also make it appropriate for use as a text in graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in electrical engineering and materials science.