Excerpt from Should the State Interfere in the Determination of Wage Rates?, Vol. 12 In February, 1919, the National Industrial Conference Board, in an effort to stimulate sound and constructive thinking on labor problems, offered a series of prizes for the best monographs on any one of eight subjects, as follows: 1. A practicable plan for representation of workers in determining conditions of work and for prevention of industrial disputes. 2. The major causes of unemployment and how to minimize them. 3. How can efficiency of workers be so increased as to make high wage rates economically practicable? 4. Should the state interfere in the determination of wage rates? 5. Should rates of wages be definitely based on the cost of living? 6. How can present systems of wage payments be so perfected and supplemented as to be most conducive to individual efficiency and to the contentment of workers? 7. The closed union shop versus the open shop: their social and economic value compared. 8. Should trade unions and employers' associations be made legally responsible? The contest was open without restriction to all persons except members of the staff of the National Industrial Conference Board, or those identified with it. In all, 553 essays had been submitted when the contest closed. The widespread interest in the contest is further indicated by the fact that of the 48 states in the United States all but four were represented by contestants. Nineteen essays were submitted from outside the United States; fifteen came from Canada, two from England, one from Haiti, and one from the Virgin Islands. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.

This book discusses the institutional aspects of the American labor market. The introduction assesses the major changes since 1971.