The embodiments disclosed herein include all-electron control over a chemical attachment and the subsequent self-assembly of an organic molecule into a well-ordered three-dimensional monolayer on a metal surface. The ordering or assembly of the organic molecule may be through electron excitation. Hot-electron and hot-hole excitation enables tethering of the organic molecule to a metal substrate, such as an alkyne group to a gold surface. All-electron reactions may allow a direct control over the size and shape of the self-assembly, defect structures and the reverse process of molecular disassembly from single molecular level to mesoscopic scale.

Manuela Mura's thesis is devoted to ab initio studies of self-assembled organic molecules on a gold surface. This area of research is particularly vibrant because of the various applications such studies have in nanoscience and surface chemistry and physics. In this thesis Manuela Mura uses theory to suggest atomistic models for the observed assembled and she proposes an assembly mechanism. The methods and results developed as part of this work will be of wide interest to physicists and chemists working on the assemblies of organic molecules on crystal surfaces.

Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Physics - Applied physics, , course: M.Tech in Functional Materials and Devices, language: English, abstract: L-α-dipalitoylphosphatidylcholine(DPPC) is a phospholipid, and a lung surfactant is used for dielectric surface patterning. In this technique, the self-assembling property of DPPC along with meniscus oscillation, which occurs in LangmuirBlodgett transfer, results in a spatially inhomogeneous distribution of two different phases of DPPC. This way, nanometre height rigid, tightly packed, and durable lateral structures separated by micron size channels are grown on the dielectric surface using the Langmuir-Blodgett deposition technique. The effect of surface modification and deposition parameters on the growth of the patterned surface is studied in detail. A simplified relationship between the surface energy of substrate and deposition parameters is explained in this work. Thus, deposition parameters can be tuned based on the modification of the surface gives more control over the growth of these structures. Lastly, the effect of post-annealing temperatures on the patterned surface is investigated. In conclusion, an easy, affordable, and less timeconsuming method of dielectric surface patterning using phospholipid is investigated, which has potential applications in improving the properties (such as charge mobility and contact resistance) of OFET, TFT and in bioelectronics.

Directed assembly of single molecules is a central theme in nanotechnology. This body of work was inspired by a specific challenge involving ordered deposition of single DNAs on surfaces for massively parallel single molecule DNA sequencing via fluorescence microscopy. A potential 10-fold gain in data density is possible if single molecules can be forced into a regular array rather than randomly deposited. The dimensions of such an array are difficult to achieve with conventional lithography techniques. On one end, molecules must be separated by sufficient distance so their optical signatures do not overlap. This distance is on the order of hundreds of nanometers. On the other end, the attachment points for the molecules must have molecular dimensions. Bridging these two length scales is a formidable task. The ability to place nanometer scale objects with nanometer precision can been achieved through atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, optical tweezers, and ebeam lithography. All of these techniques, however, are serial in nature and hence do not serve the intended gain in data density. Another approach toward directed patterning of single molecules is through self-assembly. In this work, self-assembly of block copolymers is explored as a means to addressing the molecular and optical resolution length scales simultaneously. First, the challenge of molecular patterning for single molecule fluorescence microscopy is explored theoretically and the limits of this approach are defined. Block copolymers are introduced as a possible solution to generating the correct surface patterns for improved data density, and experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions. Second, the surface chemistry of these arrays is characterized, and I will show they can be selectively functionalized in preparation for directed assembly of DNAs. Third, these arrays are integrated into single molecule fluorescence imaging experiments to determine their potential for improved data density. What emerges from this work is not only a viable platform for increased single molecule fluorescence data density, but also a deeper understanding of the requirements for directed self-assembly of single molecules.

Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. - Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures - Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials - Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems - Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures

Das erste Handbuch und gut zugängliche Referenzwerk zu diesem zunehmend wichtigen Thema erläutert in einem anwendungsorientierten Ansatz Synthese, Design, Charakterisierung und Simulation von Grenzflächen bei hybriden organisch-anorganischen Materialien.