The monograph contributes to the field of eighteenth-century comparative European history. Based mainly on British and German customs accounts, it is a bilateral case study of the basic working mechanisms within a much larger framework - the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy. The Scottish customs records are unique, insofar as they allow precise reconstructions of Scotland's trade volume in yearly series after 1743, which can be broken down by singular countries/commodities. As the Scottish-German trade pattern linked back into the Atlantic framework, it is hoped that the present model study will encourage further research into cross-country studies of North Sea and Atlantic trade - the most dynamic branch of European commerce post-1700.

While the literature relating to Scottish contact with America has grown significantly in recent years, the influence of America on Scotland and its early modern history has been neglected in favour of a preoccupation with Scottish influence on the formation of North American national identities. Alexander Murdoch's fascinating new study explores Scottish interactions with North America in a desire to open up fresh perspectives on the subject. Scotland and America, c.1600-c.1800 - Surveys the key centuries of economic, migratory and cultural exchange, including Canada and the Caribbean - Discusses Scottish participation in the Atlantic slave trade and the debate over its abolition - Considers the Scottish experience of British unionism with respect to developing American traditions of unionism in the U.S. and Canada Incorporating the latest research, this is essential reading for anyone interested in the dynamic relationship between Scotland and America during a key period in history.

In Across the German Sea: Early Modern Scottish Connections with the Wider Elbe-Weser Region Zickermann analyses the commercial, maritime and military relations between Scotland and the German cities (Hamburg, Bremen) and territories (Bremen and Verden, Holstein, Braunschweig-Lüneburg) located alongside the lower parts of the rivers Elbe and Weser. Based on a wealth of British, German and Scandinavian archival material, the study demonstrates the importance of the region for Scottish commodity exchange and network building across political borders, whilst contributing significantly to our understanding of the formation of Scottish communities abroad. It also shows that Scottish commercial, political, military and religious activities within the region – which featured a Danish-Norwegian and Swedish dimension - were intertwined and cannot be studied in isolation.

The extraordinary influence of Scots in the British Empire has long been recognized. As administrators, settlers, temporary residents, professionals, plantation owners, and as military personnel, they were strikingly prominent in North America, the Caribbean, Australasia, South Africa, India, and colonies in South-East Asia and Africa. Throughout these regions they brought to bear distinctive Scottish experience as well as particular educational, economic, cultural, and religious influences. Moreover, the relationship between Scots and the British Empire had a profound effect upon many aspects of Scottish society. This volume of essays, written by notable scholars in the field, examines the key roles of Scots in central aspects of the Atlantic and imperial economies from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, in East India Company rule in India, migration and the preservation of ethnic identities, the environment, the army, missionary and other religious activities, the dispersal of intellectual endeavours, and in the production of a distinctive literature rooted in colonial experience. Making use of recent, innovative research, the chapters demonstrate that an understanding of the profoundly interactive relationship between Scotland and the British Empire is vital both for the understanding of the histories of that country and of many territories of the British Empire. All scholars and general readers interested in the dispersal of intellectual ideas, key professions, Protestantism, environmental practices, and colonial literature, as well as more traditional approaches to politics, economics, and military recruitment, will find it an essential addition to the historical literature.

Early modern trade and shipping through the Danish Sound has attracted the interest of many historians since a long time. A prominent reason for this is that the route via the Sound connected Europe’s main economies with the economically important Baltic Sea region. The other reason why trade and shipping through the Sound attracted the attention of so many scholars is the fact that they are so very well documented by the Sound Toll Registers (STR): the records of the toll levied by the king of Denmark on the passage of ships through the Sound. Although the Sound Toll Registers have always been widely known as crucial, their sheer volume and detail make them virtually impossible to handle. To make the STR fully and quickly accessible to researchers, the online database Sound Toll Registers Online (STRO) has been called into existence. Since 2010, STRO has been becoming gradually available. The articles collected in this volume are examples of the kind of research that can be done with STRO, how it boosts the writing of the history of European maritime transport and trade, and how its use contributes to our knowledge of that history. Contributors are: Loïc Charles, Ana Crespo Solana, Guillaume Daudin, Maarten Draper, Jari Eloranta, Katerina Galani, Lauri Karvonen, Yuta Kikuchi, Sven Lilja, Maria Cristina Moreira, Jari Ojala, Pierrick Pourchasse, Magnus Ressel, Klas Rönnbäck, Werner Scheltjens, Siem van der Woude, Jerem van Duijl, and Jan Willem Veluwenkamp.

This new and compelling history of eighteenth-century Scotland paints a rich and detailed portrait of the country at a time when it was of truly global significance. This journey from the Union of 1707 to its centenary and beyond takes in vivid scenes from all over the country, and ranges up and down the social scale from peeresses to prostitutes, from lairds to lunatics, and covers every major aspect of national life from agriculture to philosophy. Whilst most other Scottish histories published in recent times concentrate on social and economic history, Michael Fry demonstrates that any true understanding of the nation, in the past as in the present, needs to pay at least as much attention to politics and culture. The social and the economic history show us how Scotland was integrated into Britain, whilst the political history and the cultural history show us why the integration was never complete. In this book both sides are surveyed, offering new perspectives on Scotland's experience within the Union.

History and Economic Life offers students a wide-ranging introduction to both quantitative and qualitative approaches to interpreting economic history sources from the Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century. Having identified an ever-widening gap between the use of qualitative sources by cultural historians and quantitative sources by economic historians, the book aims to bridge the divide by making economic history sources more accessible to students and the wider public, and highlighting the need for a complementary rather than exclusive approach. Divided into two parts, the book begins by equipping students with a toolbox to approach economic history sources, considering the range of sources that might be of use and introducing different ways of approaching them. The second part consists of case studies that examine how economic historians use such sources, helping readers to gain a sense of context and understanding of how these sources can be used. The book thereby sheds light on important debates both within and beyond the field, and highlights the benefits gained when combining qualitative and quantitative approaches to source analysis. Introducing sources often avoided in culturally-minded history or statistically-minded economic history courses respectively, and advocating a combined quantitative and qualitative approach, it is an essential resource for students undertaking source analysis within the field.