In this expert handbook both the topics and contributors are selected so as to provide an authoritative view of possible applications for this new technology. The result is an up-to-date survey of current challenges and opportunities in the design and operation of bioreactors for high-value products in the biomedical and chemical industries. Combining theory and practice, the authors explain such leading-edge technologies as single-use bioreactors, bioreactor simulators, and soft sensor monitoring, and discuss novel applications, such as stem cell production, process development, and multi-product reactors, using case studies from academia as well as from industry. A final section addresses the latest trends, including culture media design and systems biotechnology, which are expected to have an increasing impact on bioreactor design. With its focus on cutting-edge technologies and discussions of future developments, this handbook will remain an invaluable reference for many years to come.

Managing Real-world Production-grade Challenges at Scale KEY FEATURES ● Built for GCP professionals and Cloud enthusiasts with cloud-agnostic tactics. ● Exhaustive coverage of automatic, manual, and predictive scaling and specialized strategies. ● Every concept is pragmatized with real-time production scenarios derived from prominent technologists. DESCRIPTION ‘Scaling Google Cloud Platform’ equips developers with the know-how to get the most out of its services in storage, serverless computing, networking, infrastructure monitoring, and other IT tasks. This book explains the fundamentals of cloud scaling, including Cloud Elasticity, creating cloud workloads, and selecting the appropriate cloud scaling key performance indicators (KPIs). The book explains the sections of GCP resources that can be scaled, as well as their architecture and internals, and best practices for using these components in an operational setting in detail. The book also discusses scaling techniques such as predictive scaling, auto-scaling, and manual scaling. This book includes real-world examples illustrating how to scale many Google Cloud services, including the compute engine, GKE, VMWare Engine, Cloud Function, Cloud Run, App Engine, BigTable, Spanner, Composer, Dataproc, and Dataflow. At the end of the book, the author delves into the two most common architectures—Microservices and Bigdata to examine how you can perform reliability engineering for them on GCP. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn workload migration strategy and execution, both within and between clouds. ● Explore methods of increasing Google Cloud capacity for running VMware Engine and containerized applications. ● Scaling up and down methods include manual, predictive, and automatic approaches. ● Increase the capacity of your Dataproc cluster to handle your big data computing needs. ● Learn Google Dataflow's scalability considerations for large-scale installations. ● Explore Google Composer 2 and scale up your Cloud Spanner instances. ● Learn to set up Cloud functions and Cloud run. ● Discuss general SRE procedures on microservices and big data. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is designed for Cloud professionals, software developers, architects, DevOps team, and engineering managers to explain scaling strategies for GCP services and assumes readers know GCP basics. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Basics of Scaling Cloud Resources 2. KPI for Cloud Scalability 3. Cloud Elasticity 4. Challenges of Infrastructure Complexity and the Way Forward 5. Scaling Compute Engine 6. Scaling Kubernetes Engine 7. Scaling VMware Engine 8. Scaling App Engine 9. Scaling Google Cloud Function and Cloud Run 10. Configuring Bigtable for Scale 11. Configuring Cloud Spanner for Scale 12. Scaling Google Composer 2 13. Scaling Google Dataproc 14. Scaling Google Dataflow 15. Site Reliability Engineering 16. SRE Use Cases

The transistor is the key enabler of modern electronics. Progress in transistor scaling has pushed channel lengths to the nanometer regime where traditional approaches to device physics are less and less suitable. These lectures describe a way of understanding MOSFETs and other transistors that is much more suitable than traditional approaches when the critical dimensions are measured in nanometers. It uses a novel, “bottom-up approach” that agrees with traditional methods when devices are large, but that also works for nano-devices. Surprisingly, the final result looks much like the traditional, textbook, transistor models, but the parameters in the equations have simple, clear interpretations at the nanoscale. The objective is to provide readers with an understanding of the essential physics of nanoscale transistors as well as some of the practical technological considerations and fundamental limits. This book is written in a way that is broadly accessible to students with only a very basic knowledge of semiconductor physics and electronic circuits.

Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-523/ In this project, a tool was developed to calculate savings from ecodesign and energy labelling policy in the Nordic countries, and a "snapshot" calculation was done. Two different calculation methods were used, and both are implemented on the online platform Nordcrawl where assumption and input data can be changed to produce alternative calculations. In the top-down method, estimated EU savings are scaled-down, using suitable product specific scales, for the Nordics. In the bottom-up method, actual savings are estimated using sales data. The study shows large savings from ecodesign and energy labelling in the Nordic countries. The top-down calculations estimate yearly primary energy savings 2030 (final electricity savings in parenthesis) of about 52 TWh (12) for Denmark, 63 TWh (28) for Sweden, 43 TWh (19) for Norway, 84 TWh (21) for Finland, and 4 TWh (2) for Iceland.

The fourth edition of Process Validation in Manufacturing of Biopharmaceuticals is a practical and comprehensive resource illustrating the different approaches for successful validation of biopharmaceutical processes. A pivotal text in its field, this new edition provides guidelines and current practices, contains industrial case studies, and is expanded to include in-depth analysis of the new Process Validation (PV) guidance from the US FDA. Key Features: Offers readers a thorough understanding of the key concepts that form the basis of a good process validation program for biopharmaceuticals. Includes case studies from the various industry leaders that demonstrate application of these concepts. Discusses the use of modern tools such as multivariate analysis for facilitating a process validation exercise. Covers process characterization techniques for scaling down unit operations in biopharmaceutical manufacturing, including chromatography, chemical modification reactions, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration, and practical methods to test raw materials and in-process samples. Providing a thorough understanding of the key concepts that form the basis of a good process validation program, this book will help readers ensure that PV is carried out and exceeds expectations. Fully illustrated, this is a much-needed practical guide for biopharmaceutical manufacturers.

This contributed volume is dedicated towards the progress achieved within the last years in all areas of Cell Culture Engineering and Technology. It comprises contributions of active researchers in the field of cell culture development for the production of recombinant proteins, cell line development, cell therapy and gene therapy, with consideration of media development, process scale-up, reactor design, monitoring and control and model-assisted strategies for process design. The knowledge and expertise of the authors cover disciplines like cell biology, engineering, biotechnology and biomedical sciences. This book is conceived for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and researchers interested in the latest developments in Cell Engineering.