A new equation for salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium is presented, which correlates temperature and the liquid-phase concentrations of all three components with equilibrium vapor composition, for isobaric systems consisting of a binary to which a salt has been added to saturation. The equation was tested successfully with literature data for 12 ethanol-water-salt systems, yielding a better fit for all 12 systems than the one-constant equation of Johnson and Furter, and with the confidence level for the comparison in excess of 99.9% for six of the systems tested. (Author).

A semi-empirical test for the thermodynamic consistency of isobaric liquid-vapor equilibrium data for ethanol-water saturated with a salt is proposed. The test is based upon an adaptation of the Herington method in which the ternary system is treated as a special binary. The test is applied both to full concentration range data and to data which are incomplete at the high alcohol end. For data which are incomplete at the high water end, a less severe test is employed. Literature data for 23 system composed of ethanol, water, and an inorganic salt at saturation were tested. By the criterion of the proposed test, fourteen were deemed consistent, six were borderline, and three were pronounced inconsistent. (Author).

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure are reported for seven systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an anhydrous acetate salt (of sodium, potassium, bariuum, or calcium) dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. These systems are intended to complete a matrix about the single system ethanol-water-potassium acetate for which data were reported previously. Solubility data are reported in terms of saturation salt concentration as a function of alcohol-water proportionality in the liquid. Sodium acetate as well as potassium acetate was found capable of eliminating completely the ethanol-water azeotrope. Major differences in the effects of these salts as compared to those reported for other salts in the salt-effect literature were observed. Systems were discovered in which the salt appeared to cause both salting out and salting in of the alcohol in differing composition regions of the same system, the predominating effect depending on the relative proportions of alcohol and water. Systems were also discovered in which the salt salted-in the component in which it was less soluble. (Author).

Experimental data are presented for five systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an inorganic salt dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. The data confirm and extend knowledge of recently discovered anomalies to the general theory of salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium. A partial accounting for the observed anomalies is attempted based on recent advances in the understanding of the structural nature of alcohol-water mixtures. (Author).