First published in 1975, this book provides a straightforward examination of regional differences and regional development in the countries of Western Europe. Professor Clout divides this into two parts. The first examines a series of themes with reference to the whole of Western Europe, and the second part discusses regional development in individual countries or groups of countries. Contributions by experts from the UK and from mainland Europe present an essentially geographic approach, combining thematic and country-by-country discussions.

Bulgaria has made solid progress in its territorial governance and socio-economic development. Yet, it has not been able to counteract large and increasing territorial disparities. Doing so will require addressing remaining structural challenges that may be limiting further transformation, government performance and regional resilience.

This essay reviews the political circumstances and strategic orientations of Vienna's comprehensive urban development policy, and how the EIB's investments facilitated key projects and supported Vienna's process of urban modernisation. Urban development in Vienna took place in four cycles, which are characterised by distinctive internal and external conditions and opportunities. Each prompted different levels of EIB engagement.

The 2020 edition analyses tourism performance and policy trends across 51 OECD countries and partner economies. It highlights the need for coherent and comprehensive approaches to tourism policy making, and the significance of the tourism economy, with data covering domestic, inbound and outbound tourism, enterprises and employment, and internal tourism consumption.

This first edition of the OECD Territorial Outlook examines RECENT policy developments in the areas of urban, rural and regional affairs in OECD countries.