Some forty years later, the Allied landings on the Italian coast at Salerno before dawn on September 9, 1943, seem only a part of one of the half-forgotten campaigns of World War II. Yet it was in its day the largest amphibious invasion becoming the Allies' costliest blunder. Codenamed "Avalanche," the operation under U.S. General Mark Clark involved 500 ships and 165,000 American and British servicemen in the hazardous attempt to establish on the mainland of Occupied Europe a beachhead. It was the Allies' misfortune that the beach was ringed by jagged mountains where large concentrations of Hitler's Wehrmacht - the best-organized, best-equipped, most battle-proven army in the world - were securely dug into superb defensive positions. Mark Clark predicted that "Avalanche" would achieve its major objective, the capture of Naples, within three days. It was a bad miscalculation. "Avalanche" lasted for twenty-one desperate days and for a time threatened to become a greater débâcle than Gallipoli or Dunkirk. What went wrong? This book recreates those twenty-one critical days to provide some brutal answers. -- from inside jacket flap.

The ninth volume in Admiral Morison's history takes up the story of American naval activities in the Mediterranean where Volume II left off, and covers three major amphibious operations-the invasion of Sicily, the capture of the Salerno beachhead, and the long Anzio beachhead struggle. In all three the United States Navy distinguished itself, both for impeccable performance in landing the Army where it wanted to go, and in supporting with naval gunfire the troops fighting ashore.

Using official records and the verbal and written testimony of those involved, 'Mutiny at Salerno' gives a comprehensive account of the series of high-level blunders and deceptions that caused many 8th Army veterans to risk execution. Originally published: London: Brassey's, 1995.

In the second volume of his epic trilogy about the liberation of Europe in World War II, Pulitzer Prize-winning author Atkinson tells the harrowing story of the campaigns in Sicily and Italy.

A detailed examination of Operation Husky, the US and British invasion and conquest of the Italian island of Sicily. Not only did the Sicily operation represent a watershed in tactical development of combined arms tactics, it was also an important test for future Allied joint operations. Senior British commanders left the North African theater with a jaundiced and dismissive view of the combat capabilities of the inexperienced US Army after the debacle at Kasserine Pass in Tunisia in February 1943. Sicily was a demonstration that the US Army had rapidly learned its lessons and was now capable of fighting as a co-equal of the British Army. The Sicily campaign contained a measure of high drama as Patton took the reins of the Seventh US Army and bent the rules of the theater commander in a bold race to take Palermo on the northern Sicilian coast. When stiff German resistance halted Montgomery's main assault to Messina through the mountains, Patton was posed to be the first to reach the key Sicilian port and end the campaign. This richly-illustrated volume details the highs and lows of the Sicily campaign, including the disastrous problems with early airborne assaults and the Allied failure to seal the straits of Messina, allowing the Germans to withdraw many of their best forces.

Named One of the 24 Best History Books of All Time by Book Riot The Inspiring True Story of a Segregated Unit Whose Exploits Underscore the Forgotten Latino Contribution to the Allied Victory in World War II As a child, Dave Gutierrez hung on every word his father recalled about his cousin Ramon, "El Sancudo" (the mosquito), and his service in World War II, where he earned a Silver Star, three Purple Hearts, and escaped from the Germans twice. Later, Dave decided to find out more about his father's cousin, and in the course of his research he discovered that Ramon Gutierrez was a member of Company E, 141st Infantry, a part of the 36th "Texas" Division that was comprised entirely of Mexican Americans--the only such unit in the entire U.S. Army. The division landed at Salerno, Italy, in 1943, among first American soldiers to set foot in Europe. In the ensuing months, Company E and the rest of the 36th would battle their way up the mountainous Italian peninsula against some of Nazi Germany's best troops. In addition to the merciless rain, mud, and jagged peaks, swift cold rivers crisscrossed the region, including the Rapido, where Company E would face its greatest challenge. In an infamous episode, the 36th Division was ordered to cross the Rapido despite reports that the opposite bank was heavily defended. In the ensuing debacle, the division was ripped apart, and Company E sustained appalling casualties. The company rebounded and made the storied landings at Anzio and ultimately invaded southern France for a final push into Germany. The men of Company E distinguished themselves as rugged fighters capable of warring amid the rubble of destroyed villages and in the devastated countryside. Based on extensive archival research and veteran and family accounts, Patriots from the Barrio: The Story of Company E, 141st Infantry: The Only All Mexican American Army Unit in World War II brings to life the soldiers whose service should never have gone unrecognized for so long. With its memorable personalities, stories of hope and immigration, and riveting battle scenes, this beautifully written book is a testament to the shared beliefs of all who have fought for the ideals of the American flag.

"During World War II, the US Army and its allies faced a formidable challenge: the need to assault Hitler's "Fortress Empire" from the sea. In order to win and hold a contested beachhead in the face of bitter enemy resistance, the US Army's amphibious-warfare specialists, notably combat engineers, played a variety of essential battlefield roles; if the US troops could not establish and consolidate a beachhead quickly, they risked being thrown back into the sea. For their part, the Germans had to design practical defensive tactics that made the most of their limited resources, the troops available, and the nature of the terrain. The German infantry defenders immediately around the landing areas had to be able to call upon support from nearby artillery, mechanized troops, and armored forces to have a chance of containing the enemy beachhead. This illustrated study analyzes the essential roles played by combat engineers involved in three key battles - the Allied amphibious landings at Salerno and Anzio in Italy, and Omaha Beach in Normandy - and their German opponents, whose combat experience and effectiveness varied considerably."--