RHODES is a traffic-adaptive signal control system that optimally controls the traffic that is observed in real time. The RHODES-ITMS Program is the application of the RHODES strategy for the two intersections of a freeway-arterial diamond interchange. This report addresses the latest phase of the RHODES-ITMS Program that resulted in a field test in the City of Tempe, Arizona. In summary, this phase involved: (i) the integration of the RHODES logic within the signal controller; (ii) the validation of the RHODES logic using "hardware-in-the-loop" simulation; (iii) the integration of the RHODES algorithms within Tempe's traffic management system; (iv) the deployment of RHODES for the field test; and (v) the data gathering and evaluation of traffic performance "with" and "without" the RHODES logic

This report documents the work performed on the RHODES Project Phase II(a) which is a continuation of the RHODES Project Phase I. Phase I explored concepts for models and algorithms for real-time traffic- adaptive control systems for street networks. Phase II(a) focused on further development of some of these algorithms and on performing some preliminary laboratory experiments with these algorithms using simulation models. The control architecture of RHODES is based on a hierarchical decomposition of the overall traffic control problem with three levels in the control hierarchy: network load control network flow control, and intersection control.

The RHODES-ITMS Corridor Control project addresses real-time control of ramp meters of a freeway segment, with consideration of the traffic volumes entering and leaving the freeway from/to arterials, and the regulation of these volumes via real-time setting of ramp metering rates.

This report documents the work performed and the results obtained on the RHODES - Integrated Traffic Management System (ITMS) Project. The project addressed the design and development of a real-time traffic adaptive control system for Freeway-Arterial Diamond Interchanges using the concepts underlying the RHODES traffic-adaptive signal control system. The traffic "controls" at a diamond interchange are the two sets of traffic signals located at the arterials, on both sides of the freeway, and the ramp meters at the on-ramps to the freeway. The RHODES-ITMS strategy considers, in real-time, the vehicle arrivals and the queues at the intersections and the on-ramps to optimally set these signals, also in real time, to decrease the overall delay of all the vehicles which use the arterials, the frontage roads parallel to the freeway (if they exist) and the ramps at the interchange

The assessment of young children's development and learning has recently taken on new importance. Private and government organizations are developing programs to enhance the school readiness of all young children, especially children from economically disadvantaged homes and communities and children with special needs. Well-planned and effective assessment can inform teaching and program improvement, and contribute to better outcomes for children. This book affirms that assessments can make crucial contributions to the improvement of children's well-being, but only if they are well designed, implemented effectively, developed in the context of systematic planning, and are interpreted and used appropriately. Otherwise, assessment of children and programs can have negative consequences for both. The value of assessments therefore requires fundamental attention to their purpose and the design of the larger systems in which they are used. Early Childhood Assessment addresses these issues by identifying the important outcomes for children from birth to age 5 and the quality and purposes of different techniques and instruments for developmental assessments.

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