Diagnosis and Treatment of Spine Deformities in Children at Specialized Centre -- Session 5: Rationalized Design of Individualized Treatment -- Biomechanical Simulations for Planning of Scoliosis Surgery -- Clinical Assessment of AIS -- Determination of Fixation Level of Osteosynthesis System with Knowledge Base -- 3D" Brace Treatment: "3D" Immediate Effect On Thoracic. Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Scoliotic Curves -- Treatment of Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Idiopathic Scoliotic Curves with the Progressive Action Short Brace (P.A.S.B.)Analysis of Results -- 3D Correction of Trunk Deformity in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis Using Cheneau Brace -- Social Effects of Boston Bracing -- Appendix. Clinical Application of 3-D Evaluation of Scoliosis -- Pre-IRSSD meeting Workshops held at Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada, 27 June, 1998. -- Workshop 1: Biomechanical Modelling of Scoliosis: What are the Priorities? -- Workshop 2: Usefulness of Computer Assisted Measurements During Surgery: Should we Continue? -- Workshop 3: Imaging Techniques, which Way to Go: X-Ray, CT Scans, MRI, Surface Topography, Etc.? -- Workshop 4: Aetiology and pattern of spinal deformities: should we continue to study biomechanical and 3D factors? -- Author Index

It is over 70 years since two orthopedic surgeons invented the Milwaukee brace for the treatment of children with scoliosis. Since then, clinicians and researchers have been inspired to design ever more effective braces to correct 3-D spinal deformities. This book presents papers from the bi-annual meeting of the International Research Society of Spinal Deformities (IRSSD), held as a virtual event on 22 and 23 January 2021. The IRSSD concentrates on research into spinal deformity with clinical applications. In addition to 3D assessment of the spine, researchers also explore spinal biomechanics, etiopathogenesis, and innovative conservative and surgical therapies with the goal of integrating science with clinical care to improve patient care. The 2021 meeting was originally scheduled to take place in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, but was instead held in a virtual format due to the Covid 19 pandemic. Despite this change, the meeting still allowed valuable interaction and open discussion among practitioners from around the world, and keynote speakers and authors contributed the 44 short papers and 47 abstracts included here. The papers are grouped under 17 chapter headings, and cover a wide range of topics, including biologic and biomechanical benchmarks, clinical evaluation, conservative treatments and surgical approaches. Diagnostic assessments and non-surgical treatments of EOS are also emphasized and elucidated. The book will be of interest to all those whose work is related to the treatment and care of patients with spinal deformities.

Spinal osteotomy techniques have been dramatically applied as a standard method for severe and rigid spinal deformity. Although clinical results indicate that patients who undergo osteotomy procedures typically experience well deformity correction and ameliorate the clinical appearance, aggressive peri-operative risks and follow-up complications are not rare. More meticulous and standard indication selection, osteotomy plan design and complication prevention strategy and outcome evaluation are critically needed for surgeon majored in spine deformity. The book Spinal Osteotomy is divided into sections that focus on principles of spinal osteotomy, technical and case illustration and outcomes and complications as well as computer navigation and other latest techniques. Each section is heavily illustrated and clearly written for ease of understanding. Orthopedic surgeons, neurosurgeon residents and fellows who want to focus on spinal deformity correction will find this instructive and invaluable.

Covers the anatomy, etiology, and natural history of scoliosis - from patient evaluation and an algorithm for treatment to pulmonary function after surgical treatment and the use of instruments to evaluate surgical treatment. This new monograph focuses on the most common form of scoliosis occurring otherwise normal adolescents, affecting spinal alignment, growth, and function.

From imaging modalities, to anesthesia considerations, to intraoperative monitoring techniques, this introductory text presents a thorough overview of all key concepts for the accurate diagnosis and successful treatment of spinal deformity. The authors cover the principles of sagittal and coronal balance and address the role of flexible versus fixed deformity in treatment planning. Straightforward explanations of the etiology, pathogenesis, radiologic and clinical findings, differential diagnosis, and both surgical and nonoperative treatment options for each disorder provide the reader with the information necessary for handling each clinical situation with confidence.Highlights: More than 400 drawings, radiographs, and photographs demonstrate pathology of spinal deformities and the techniques to address them Coverage of possible anatomical variations of the deformed spine prepares the clinician for managing complex cases Discussion of general medical issues including pain management through medication, the potential for postoperative pulmonary complications, and how to manage metabolic bone disorders A review of the latest technological advances using image guidance and robotics in deformity surgery Descriptions of bracing and casting techniques, with a brief literature review on outcomes Written by a multidisciplinary team of experts, this book is invaluable for all beginning and experienced neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, residents and fellows in those specialties, and allied health professionals requiring a comprehensive reference and review.Cover Art Illustrator: Chadi Tannoury, M.D.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of current topics in idiopathic scoliosis (IS). A three-dimensional deformity of the spine, the condition is characterized by lateral curvature combined with vertebral rotation. The primary lesion, however, lies in the median sagittal plane, taking the form of a lordosis. Although the clinical manifestations of scoliosis have been well documented, its cause and pathogenesis have not yet been determined. Research into what causes IS has focused on the structural elements of the spine, spinal musculature, collagenous structures, the endocrine system, the central nervous system, and genetics. Results of these studies have brought about a new perception of IS epiphenomena, but the main cause of IS remains unknown. Recently, several investigators have produced new hypotheses regarding the cause of IS using the developing techniques of genetics, biochemistry, and neurology. This book is a review of the various causative factors thus far proposed for IS and an introduction to the directions in which research is heading to determine the primary cause of IS.

Spinal Deformities in Adolescents, Adults and Older Adults is a unique book with a wide scope of coverage of the topic. Written by specialists worldwide, this book presents under-reported topics and treatments in spinal deformity, as well as a very interesting autobiographical case study from one of the authors detailing his self-management approach to his own spinal deformity. The chapters examine the evidence relating to spinal deformities together with assessment tools, treatment modalities, and the various types, benefits, and side effects of these diverse treatment approaches. This book is designed for clinicians working with patients, researchers, and patients and their families.