Abstract: To better understand the treatment, etiology, and pathology of diabetes and to fulfill its legislative mandate, the National Commission on Diabetes investigated the problems of diabetes. Findings are sumarized in the 4 parts of Volume III. Parts I and II, Scope and Impact of Diabetes, look at the economic impact and complications of morbidity and mortality and consider the major fatal problems associated with diabetes (micro- and macrovascular diseases, neuropathy, and ketoacidosis or coma). Recommendations are offered to improve understanding of the disease; for promotion of long-term preventative measures; and for compilation of statistics. Part III, Etiology and Pathology of Diabetes, includes discussions from 9 workshops on diabetic problems of: neuropathy; obesity; retinopathy; genetics, viruses and animal models; islet transplantation and mechanical insulin devices; insulin production and metabolic effects; micro- and macroaginopathy; and dental and perinatal problems. Part IV, Treatment of Diabetes, investigates modes, delivery, compliance, and evaluation of therapy and education. (kbc).