At the start of the 1990s, there was great optimism that the end of the Cold War might also mean the end of the "refugee cycle" - both a breaking of the cycle of violence, persecution and flight, and the completion of the cycle for those able to return to their homes. The 1990s, it was hoped, would become the "decade of repatriation." However, although over nine million refugees were repatriated worldwide between 1991 and 1995, there are reasons to believe that it will not necessarily be a durable solution for refugees. It certainly has become clear that "the end of the refugee cycle" has been much more complex, and ultimately more elusive, than expected. The changing constructions and realities of refugee repatriation provide the backdrop for this book which presents new empirical research on examples of refugee repatriation and reconstruction. Apart from providing up-to-date material, it also fills a more fundamental gap in the literature which has tended to be based on pedagogical reasoning rather than actual field research. Adopting a global perspective, this volume draws together conclusions from highly varied experiences of refugee repatriation and defines repatriation and reconstruction as part of a wider and interrelated refugee cycle of displacement, exile and return. The contributions come from authors with a wealth of relevant practical and academic experience, spanning the continents of Africa, Asia, Central America, and Europe.

Captive Anzacs explores the experiences of the 198 Australians who became prisoners of the Ottomans during the First World War. Kate Ariotti intertwines rich detail from letters, diaries and other personal papers with official records to provide a comprehensive, nuanced account of this aspect of Australian war history.

Indigenous peoples have long sought the return of ancestral human remains and associated artifacts from western museums and scientific institutions. Since the late 1970s their efforts have led museum curators and researchers to re-evaluate their practices and policies in respect to the scientific uses of human remains. New partnerships have been established between cultural and scientific institutions and indigenous communities. Human remains and culturally significant objects have been returned to the care of indigenous communities, although the fate of bones and burial artifacts in numerous collections remains unresolved and, in some instances, the subject of controversy. In this book, leading researchers from a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences reflect critically on the historical, cultural, ethical and scientific dimensions of repatriation. Through various case studies they consider the impact of repatriation: what have been the benefits, and in what ways has repatriation given rise to new problems for indigenous people, scientists and museum personnel. It features chapters by indigenous knowledge custodians, who reflect upon recent debates and interaction between indigenous people and researchers in disciplines with direct interests in the continued scientific preservation of human remains. In this book, leading researchers from a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences reflect critically on the historical, cultural, ethical and scientific dimensions of repatriation. Through various case studies they consider the impact of repatriation: what have been the benefits, and in what ways has repatriation given rise to new problems for indigenous people, scientists and museum personnel. It features chapters by indigenous knowledge custodians, who reflect upon recent debates and interaction between indigenous people and researchers in disciplines with direct interests in the continued scientific preservation of human remains.

This book examines the ways in which law can be used to structure the return of indigenous sacred cultural heritage to indigenous communities, referred to as repatriation in this volume. In particular, it aims at developing legal structures that align repatriation with contemporary international human rights standards. To do so, it gathers the most valuable lessons learned from different repatriation laws and frameworks adopted in the United States and Canada. In both countries, very different ways of approaching repatriation have been used for several decades, highlighting the context-dependent nature of repatriation. The volume is divided into four parts, looking first at international law, then at the national legal landscape in the United States, followed by Canada, before the different repatriation models are evaluated against the backdrop of human rights law standards. Emphasis is placed not only on repatriation-specific legislation but also on the legal context in which it was developed and operates. In turn, the fourth part develops various models on the basis of these experiences that can be aligned with contemporary indigenous and cultural rights. The book ends by considering the models’ suitability for international repatriation and the lessons that can be learned from them. The primary audience includes those addressing the legal hurdles to repatriation, be they researchers, policymakers, communities, or museums.

This book examines the relevance of global strategic perspective, as international competition continues to intensify & gain momentum, and management of human resource remains a challenge in contemporary corporate scenario. As global business strategy requires globally competent people and implementation of global human resource systems, therefore the need to harness the multi-faceted dimensions of corporate employees is elaborated upon. This book explores cross cultural movement & interactions in International human resource management, where the theme of cross-cultural reentry remains largely neglected and underestimated in the sojourner’s transition trajectory. This book takes into account the available empirical investigations pointing to substantial concerns, affecting the psychological wellbeing, social readjustment and cultural identity of the returning individuals. This book examines the significance of re-entry as an issue of highest priority to both sojourning individuals as well as people managing the reentry transitions of travelers. In light of the unfolding knowledge revolution, the book explores the context of corporate India offering high knowledge density and rich demographic dividend. The need for companies, to harness the knowledge capital and accelerate Indians in the knowledge revolution is examined. Various factors that can influence the repatriation of an individual when back in the home country, and the challenges faced in repatriation at the individual-, team-, organizational-, and country-levels, is explored & analyzed. This book focuses on eliminating overall wastage and losses in Repatriation process, from an organizational point of view. The purview of this book encompasses the interface of Anticipatory Adjustment, Competency Transfer, Effective Repatriation and Reverse Culture Shock with Repatriates’ Adjustment, back home, and empirically analyzes the precursors and effects of the said paradigms in optimization of Repatriate talent from an organizational perspective. The purpose is to analyze the antecedents of repatriate adjustment in the mentioned context and to subsequently deliberate upon the acquired results to arrive at feasible and relevant conclusions. Optimization of Repatriate talent, and Repatriation Management from International Human Resource Management (IHRM) perspective, deserves a cross-disciplinary study of precursors effecting Repatriation Adjustment, with focus on the dimension of Indian Repatriate acculturation.

This volume brings together Indigenous and non-Indigenous repatriation practitioners and researchers to provide the reader with an international overview of the removal and return of Ancestral Remains. The Ancestral Remains of Indigenous peoples are today housed in museums and other collecting institutions globally. They were taken from anywhere the deceased can be found, and their removal occurred within a context of deep power imbalance within a colonial project that had a lasting effect on Indigenous peoples worldwide. Through the efforts of First Nations campaigners, many have returned home. However, a large number are still retained. In many countries, the repatriation issue has driven a profound change in the relationship between Indigenous peoples and collecting institutions. It has enabled significant steps towards resetting this relationship from one constrained by colonisation to one that seeks a more just, dignified and truthful basis for interaction. The history of repatriation is one of Indigenous perseverance and success. The authors of this book contribute major new work and explore new facets of this global movement. They reflect on nearly 40 years of repatriation, its meaning and value, impact and effect. This book is an invaluable contribution to repatriation practice and research, providing a wealth of new knowledge to readers with interests in Indigenous histories, self-determination and the relationship between collecting institutions and Indigenous peoples.