There is considerable evidence from across the African continent that a significant proportion of cash remittances to rural areas is spent on food. However, bidirectional food remitting – its drivers, dimensions and impacts – is an underdeveloped research and policy area. This report therefore reviews the current state of knowledge about food remittances in Africa and aims to make a number of contributions to the study of the relationship between migration and food security.

Two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the health, economic, and social disruptions caused by this global crisis continue to evolve. The impacts of the pandemic are likely to endure for years to come, with poor, marginalized, and vulnerable groups the most affected. In COVID-19 & Global Food Security: Two Years Later, the editors bring together contributions from new IFPRI research, blogs, and the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub to examine the pandemic’s effects on poverty, food security, nutrition, and health around the world. This volume presents key lessons learned on food security and food system resilience in 2020 and 2021 and assesses the effectiveness of policy responses to the crisis. Looking forward, the authors consider how the pandemic experience can inform both recovery and longer-term efforts to build more resilient food systems.

"This book provides multidisciplinary perspectives on how to develop sustainable food systems, policies, and securities"--Provided by publisher".

Remittances remain a key source of funds for developing countries, far exceeding official development assistance and even foreign direct investment. Remittances have proved to be more stable than private debt and portfolio equity flows, and less volatile than official aid flows, and their annual flow can match or surpass foreign exchange reserves in many small countries. Even in large emerging markets, such as India, remittances are equivalent to at least a quarter of total foreign exchange reserves. India, China, Philippines and Mexico are the top recipients of migrant remittances. The Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016 attempts to present numbers and facts behind the stories of international migration and remittances, drawing on authoritative, publicly available data. It provides a snapshot of statistics on immigration, emigration, skilled emigration, and remittance flows for 210 countries and 15 regional and income groups. The Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016 updates the 2011 edition of the Factbook with additional data on bilateral migration and remittances and second generation diasporas, collected from various sources, including national censuses, labor force surveys, population registers, and other national sources.

"Since 2000, the number of international migrants has increased steadily, reaching 258 million in 2017. More than one-third of international migration moves from South to North, basically from developing to developed countries. Like international migration but in opposite direction, flows of remittances have also increased largely to developing countries since 2000. International remittances flow into developing countries attract increasing attention because of their rise in volume and their impact on the recipient countries. Receiving remittances from outside the country has become a household coping strategy that might contribute to poverty reduction, to alleviate hunger, to promote better diets and to increase productive investments.Because little is known about the topic, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the linkage between receiving remittances and the food security status in Global South (GS) regions. Although there are some studies on different countries that explore the association between receiving remittances and household food quality and quantity consumption or food consumption expenditures, this is the first study that examines the association between food security and receiving remittances by using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) for individuals in the Global South (GS). Data were obtained from the 2017 Gallup World Poll (GWP), which interviewed face-to-face 68,463 individuals in 65 countries. The target population in the GWP is the entire civilian, non- institutionalized, population aged 15 and older. All samples were selected using probability sampling techniques and are nationally representative. The GWP surveys average 1,000 individuals per country. Different statistical analyses such as descriptive, crosstabs, binary, and multinomial logistic regressions analyses, were applied in this study. This study assessed the association between receiving remittances and the food security status, by controlling the role of covariates. Additionally, the predictors of receiving remittances were also measured.Regardless of GS region, this study found a significant association between receiving remittances and food security (both crosstabs and regression analyses). In the unadjusted logistics regression, regardless of region, while severe food insecurity was significantly related to not- receiving remittances (OR=1.532; P= 0.000), results from socio-demographic factors in the GS indicated that the probability of being severely food insecure increased among individuals who were females (OR=1.061; P=0.000), lived in rural areas (OR=1.645; P=0.000), in large households (OR=1.750; P=0.000), in ages between 26 and 49 years (OR=1.171; P=0.000), in the poorest 20% of income quintile (OR=2.994; P=0.000), with low education (OR= 6.568; P=0.000), unemployed (OR=1.948; P=0.000), and divorced/separated or widowed (OR=1.370; P=0.000).Regarding GS regions, in the unadjusted logistics regression, the findings from this study indicate that the likelihood of being severely food insecure was significant for people in sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) (OR=2.080; P=0.000), and Asia (Southeast, South, and East) (OR=1.384; P=0.000) for those who did not receive remittances from migrants. In the adjusted model, socio- demographic factors also remained significantly related to food security. As a result, this study found that receiving remittances seems to indirectly influence the food security status of individuals receiving remittances in the GS through household income, education, employment, and the area of residence.Although receiving remittances seems to positively impact the food security status of individuals in the GS, regardless of region, the association might not apply to all countries in the analyzed sample. More detailed analysis for individual countries and with larger samples of households or individuals are required to better understand such relationship"--

Workers' remittances have become a major source of income for developing countries. However, little is still known about their impact on poverty and inequality. Using a large cross-country panel dataset, the authors find that remittances in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries have increased growth and reduced inequality and poverty. These results are robust to the use of different instruments that attempt to correct for the potential endogeneity of remittances. Household survey-based estimates for 10 LAC countries confirm that remittances have negative albeit relatively small inequality and poverty-reducing effects, even after imputations for the potential home earnings of migrants.