This book aims to provide a comprehensive reference into the critical subject of failure and degradation in organic materials, used in optoelectronics and microelectronics systems and devices. Readers in different industrial sectors, including microelectronics, automotive, lighting, oil/gas, and petrochemical will benefit from this book. Several case studies and examples are discussed, which readers will find useful to assess and mitigate similar failure cases. More importantly, this book presents methodologies and useful approaches in analyzing a failure and in relating a failure to the reliability of materials and systems.

Reliability and Failure Analysis of High-Power LED Packaging provides fundamental understanding of the reliability and failure analysis of materials for high-power LED packaging, with the ultimate goal of enabling new packaging materials. This book describes the limitations of the present reliability standards in determining the lifetime of high-power LEDs due to the lack of deep understanding of the packaging materials and their interaction with each other. Many new failure mechanisms are investigated and presented with consideration of the different stresses imposed by varying environmental conditions. The detailed failure mechanisms are unique to this book and will provide insights for readers regarding the possible failure mechanisms in high-power LEDs. The authors also show the importance of simulation in understanding the hidden failure mechanisms in LEDs. Along with simulation, the use of various destructive and non-destructive tools such as C-SAM, SEM, FTIR, Optical Microscopy, etc. in investigation of the causes of LED failures are reviewed. The advancement of LEDs in the last two decades has opened vast new applications for LEDs which also has led to harsher stress conditions for high-power LEDs. Thus, existing standards and reliability tests need to be revised to meet the new demands for high-power LEDs. Introduces the failure mechanisms of high-power LEDs under varying environmental conditions and methods of how to test, simulate, and predict them Describes the chemistry underlying the material degradation and its impact on LEDs Discusses future directions of new packaging materials for improved performance and reliability of high-power LEDs

Elastomeric optics exploit light transparent, variable translucent, and reflective stretchable polymers to create novel strain-tunable optical elements and flexible multifunctional optical sheets. Optical sheets are thin, large-area polymer light guide structures that can be used to create a wide variety of passive light harvesting and illumination systems. The book introduces the theoretical principles of elastomeric optics and explores how simple and complex mechanically deformable optical devices can be designed and fabricated. The transmission of light through these optical components or waveguides depends on the selected materials, surface interface, geometric design, optical coupling of embedded micro-structures, and degree of device deformation. In addition to providing a technical foundation for building adaptable optics, the book seeks to inspire the next generation of scientists and engineers to develop innovative solutions far beyond anything imagined today.