This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality.

This book explains why AI is unique, what legal and ethical problems it could cause, and how we can address them. It argues that AI is unlike any other previous technology, owing to its ability to take decisions independently and unpredictably. This gives rise to three issues: responsibility--who is liable if AI causes harm; rights--the disputed moral and pragmatic grounds for granting AI legal personality; and the ethics surrounding the decision-making of AI. The book suggests that in order to address these questions we need to develop new institutions and regulations on a cross-industry and international level. Incorporating clear explanations of complex topics, Robot Rules will appeal to a multi-disciplinary audience, from those with an interest in law, politics and philosophy, to computer programming, engineering and neuroscience.

Exploring potential scenarios of artificial intelligence regulation which prevent automated reality harming individual human rights or social values, this book reviews current debates surrounding AI regulation in the context of the emerging risks and accountabilities. Considering varying regulatory methodologies, it focuses mostly on EU’s regulation in light of the comprehensive policy making process taking place at the supranational level. Taking an ethics and humancentric approach towards artificial intelligence as the bedrock of future laws in this field, it analyses the relations between fundamental rights impacted by the development of artificial intelligence and ethical standards governing it. It contains a detailed and critical analysis of the EU’s Ethic Guidelines for Trustworthy AI, pointing at its practical applicability by the interested parties. Attempting to identify the most transparent and efficient regulatory tools that can assure social trust towards AI technologies, the book provides an overview of horizontal and sectoral regulatory approaches, as well as legally binding measures stemming from industries’ self-regulations and internal policies.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has augmented human activities and unlocked opportunities for many sectors of the economy. It is used for data management and analysis, decision making, and many other aspects. As with most rapidly advancing technologies, law is often playing a catch up role so the study of how law interacts with AI is more critical now than ever before. This book provides a detailed qualitative exploration into regulatory aspects of AI in industry. Offering a unique focus on current practice and existing trends in a wide range of industries where AI plays an increasingly important role, the work contains legal and technical analysis performed by 15 researchers and practitioners from different institutions around the world to provide an overview of how AI is being used and regulated across a wide range of sectors, including aviation, energy, government, healthcare, legal, maritime, military, music, and others. It addresses the broad range of aspects, including privacy, liability, transparency, justice, and others, from the perspective of different jurisdictions. Including a discussion of the role of AI in industry during the Covid-19 pandemic, the chapters also offer a set of recommendations for optimal regulatory interventions. Therefore, this book will be of interest to academics, students and practitioners interested in technological and regulatory aspects of AI.

Until somewhat recently, AI was mostly an academic pursuit that always seemed far away from being released outside of academia. Today, however, AI is touching almost every aspect of human life. As such, there are several emerging legal and policy questions that society will need to reckon with. Although we are faced with new challenges, we have many opportunities to utilize true-and-tested frameworks and legal infrastructure that has been centuries in the making. This book tries to bring together two disparate fields, law and technology, and give the reader and understanding of their convergence and divergence. We start to answer many of these questions, or at least open the discussion that acknowledges its complexity. This is an exploration of those questions and where possible we try to go over information that might be helpful in appreciating the depth of those questions. As technology and law are two large subjects that span a wide range, we do our best to narrow the scope of the chapters as best we can.This book should not be taken as "original research" in that we hypothesize how the legal system should change or what the answers to these questions are. We instead look at the underlying logic that is provided within current legal frameworks to see how they can be adapted to fit current AI and future generations of much more powerful AI. Just as this is an emerging field, we are emerging researchers interested in starting to put pen to paper on the kind of questions we will spend our lifetimes pursuing.In the last chapter we ask AI to make some forward looking projections about how it sees AI and law intersecting in the future. In summary, this book is not intended to convey original research or ideas about how AI and the law should interact in the future. It is not formal, academic research, but rather thoughts, ideas, and frameworks that two students wanted to compile based on classwork across Stanford and externally.

Explains how artificial intelligence is pushing the limits of the law and how we must respond.

""This book examines the legal issues and regulations surrounding digital data and how the law applies to online issues such as defamation, cyberbullying, scams, and data protection and privacy. It also explores the legal implications of technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain"--Provided by publisher"--