The Encyclopedia of the European Union provides in-depth, authoritative discussions of the key concepts, developments, institutions, policies, negotitations, treaties, national interests, personalities, etc., related to European integration.

The United States stands out among advanced economies with marked declines in labor force participation. National averages furthermore conceal considerable within-country heterogeneity. This paper explores regional differences to shed light on drivers of participation rates at the state and metropolitan area levels. It documents a broad-based decline, especially pronounced outside metropolitan areas. Using novel measures of local vulnerability to trade and technology it finds that metropolitan areas with higher exposures to routinization and offshoring experienced larger drops in participation in 2000-2016. Thus, areas with different occupational mixes can experience divergent labor market trajectories as a result of trade and technology.

And synthesis / Peter J. Kuhn -- Displaced workers in the United States and the Netherlands / Joap H. Abbring ... [et al.] -- Worker displacement in Japan and Canada / Masahiro Abe ... [et al.] -- They get knocked down. do they get up again? / Jeff Borland ... [et al.] -- Worker displacement in France and Germany / Stefan Bender ... [et al.] -- Employment protection and the consequences for displaced workers / Karsten Albk, Marc Van Audenrode, and Martin Browning.