Recruiting, retention and end strength review: hearing before the Military Personnel Subcommittee of the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, hearing held March 3, 2009.

The Army's ability to recruit and retain service members will directly affect its ability to maintain the force levels required to continue conducting operations in Iraq and Afghanistan while simultaneously converting to a new modular structure. In this analysis, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) examines the recruiting and retention rates of the Army and the implications of those rates. The analysis concentrates on a single component of the U.S. military the active Army. CBO will prepare a follow-up report in the spring of 2006 that completes the analysis for the remaining Army components (the Army Reserve and National Guard), as well as for the other corresponding service branches (the Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps) and their various components. CBO focuses on the active Army in this report because it is the only active component that did not achieve its recruiting goals in fiscal year 2005, falling short of its goal of 80,000 accessions by 6,600 accessions, or 8 percent. This report concentrates on attaining end-strength goals as a metric of the Army's ability to sustain operations and convert to a modular structure. In turn, there are two key determinants of future end-strength levels: the number of soldiers accessed each year and the continuation rates of existing soldiers.