Metaclasses offer great promise to the world of object-oriented programming The authors present a specific "instruction set" for programming metaclasses and use this set to illustrate how metaclasses fit into the object-oriented programming paradigm.

Python’s simplicity lets you become productive quickly, but this often means you aren’t using everything it has to offer. With this hands-on guide, you’ll learn how to write effective, idiomatic Python code by leveraging its best—and possibly most neglected—features. Author Luciano Ramalho takes you through Python’s core language features and libraries, and shows you how to make your code shorter, faster, and more readable at the same time. Many experienced programmers try to bend Python to fit patterns they learned from other languages, and never discover Python features outside of their experience. With this book, those Python programmers will thoroughly learn how to become proficient in Python 3. This book covers: Python data model: understand how special methods are the key to the consistent behavior of objects Data structures: take full advantage of built-in types, and understand the text vs bytes duality in the Unicode age Functions as objects: view Python functions as first-class objects, and understand how this affects popular design patterns Object-oriented idioms: build classes by learning about references, mutability, interfaces, operator overloading, and multiple inheritance Control flow: leverage context managers, generators, coroutines, and concurrency with the concurrent.futures and asyncio packages Metaprogramming: understand how properties, attribute descriptors, class decorators, and metaclasses work

This book provides a unique overview of different approaches to developing software that is flexible, adaptable and easy to maintain and reuse. It covers the most recent advances in software architecture research. In addition, it provides the reader with scalable solutions for engineering and reengineering business processes, including architectural components for business applications, framework design for Internet distributed business applications, and architectural standards for enterprise systems.

This book presents the state of the art of research and development of computational reflection in the context of software engineering. Reflection has attracted considerable attention recently in software engineering, particularly from object-oriented researchers and professionals. The properties of transparency, separation of concerns, and extensibility supported by reflection have largely been accepted as useful in software development and design; reflective features have been included in successful software development technologies such as the Java language. The book offers revised versions of papers presented first at a workshop held during OOPSLA'99 together with especially solicited contributions. The papers are organized in topical sections on reflective and software engineering foundations, reflective software adaptability and evolution, reflective middleware, engineering Java-based reflective languages, and dynamic reconfiguration through reflection.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Meta-Level Architectures and Reflection, Reflection'99, held in St. Malo, France in July 1999. The 13 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 44 submissions. Also included are six short papers and the abstracts of three invited talks. The papers are organized in sections on programming languages, meta object protocols, middleware/multi-media, work in progress, applications, and meta-programming. The volume covers all current issues arising in the design and analysis of reflective systems and demontrates their practical applications.

Several carefully revised lectures from the 6th International School on Functional Programming, AFP 2008, are presented in this valuable review. Topics include computation with Delta ML, spider spinning, reduction-based normalization and Haskell programming.

This book shows how to apply pattern ideas in business applications. It presents more than 20 structural and behavioral business patterns that use the REA (resources, events, agents) pattern as a common backbone. The developer working on business frameworks can use the patterns to derive the right abstractions and to design and ensure that the meta-rules are followed by the developers of the actual applications. The application developer can use these patterns to design a business application, to ensure that it does not violate the domain rules, and to adapt the application to changing requirements without the need to change the overall architecture.