In the field of economics, competition refers to a scenario in which many economic companies [Note 1] compete with one another to obtain commodities that are limited by modifying one or more of the following components of the marketing mix: price, product, promotion, or place. In the traditional school of economic thought, competition drives commercial enterprises to produce new goods, services, and technologies. These advancements would provide customers with a wider range of options and higher quality goods. When there is a greater variety of a product available on the market, prices for those products are often cheaper in comparison to what they would be if there was either no competition (a monopoly) or very little competition (an oligopoly). The amount of competition that is present in the market is determined by a range of factors, including the number of firms, the obstacles that stand in the way of new firms entering the market, the information that is available, and the availability and accessibility of resources.

One of the most important new concepts in marketing is customer equityhere’s the essential information you need to create and manage it! This book presents thought-provoking, cutting-edge writing on customer equity management. The editors and contributing authors are top international marketing researchers who share their expertise in this new area of marketing research and practice. Capturing Customer Equity: Moving from Products to Markets is designed to enable academics to chart out future research directions and to help marketers to apply recently developed frameworks to the creation and management of customer equity in domestic and international markets. Handy charts, tables, and figures make complex information easy to access and understand. Capturing Customer Equity: Moving from Products to Markets is divided into five chapters: Developing Relationship Equity in International Markets This chapter delves into the realm of relationship marketing to define the term relationship equity and presents strategies for enhancing relationship equity in international markets via personal relationships as well as consistent processes and outcomes. This chapter, written by the editors and their partner Arun Sharma, also looks at specific implications for relationship marketing theory and practice in international markets. Dimension and Implementation Drivers of Customer Equity Management (CEM)Conceptual Framework, Qualitative Evidence, and Preliminary Results of a Quantitative Study This chapter explores theoretical considerations as well as qualitative and quantitative research applying confirmatory factor analysis. It identifies three important dimensions of Customer Equity Management (CEM)analytical, strategic, and operationalas well as three types of CEM implementation drivers, which represent determinants of the three CEM dimensions. Authors Manfred Bruhn, Dominik Georgi, and Karsten Hadwich present the measures they’ve developed for the CEM dimensions and drivers. These measures provide valuable help to practitioners and academics who need to understand how to manage and implement systematic customer equity management. A Network-Based Approach to Customer Equity Management This chapter, by René Algesheimer and Florian von Wangenheim, moves beyond the dyadic relationship marketing concept to present a theoretical framework for extending current thinking on customer equity towards the network perspective. Based on the current literature in social work, this chapter examines the characteristics that are likely to be powerful predictors of a customer’s network value. Practical implications are highlighted, and directions for further research are suggested. Strategies for Maximizing Customer Equity of Low Lifetime Value Customers The management of customer equity has become a major issue for many firms. This chapter examines strategies designed to assist firms in their relationships with customers who have low lifetime value. By examining the relevant literature as well as industry strategies, author Arun Sharma explores the reasons why transactional and discount customers have largely been ignored by marketing strategists, and proposes methods to enhance segment penetration and the performance of firms. Implications for managers are also highlighted. Customer Value-Based Entry Decision in International Markets: The Cnocept of International Added Customer Equity Market entry decisions are some of a firm’s most important long-term strategic choices. Still, the international marketing literature has not yet fully incorporated the idea of relationship marketing in general, and the customer value concept in particular, as a basis for market entry decisions. This chapter, by Heiner Evanschitzky and Florian von Wange

This dissertation examines whether stock performance of rivals is informative about a firm's future stock return, and how the strength of predictability relates to product market competitiveness. My analysis reveals a short-lived yet pronounced stock return predictability between one firm and its rivals: a hedged portfolio that is long in the quintile of stocks with the highest prior rival returns and short in the quintile of stocks with the lowest prior rival returns yields an average monthly return of 1.79%. This pattern is stronger among small firms and firms with high arbitrage costs, consistent with the notion that gradual information flow induces predictability. Furthermore, it varies systematically with the degree of product market competitiveness that a firm faces: competitive and dynamic industries where rivals produce similar products are associated with stronger rival momentum. My findings contribute to the understanding of asset return dynamics and have important implications in the current environment of increasing industry concentration in the U.S. economy

Introduction to Business covers the scope and sequence of most introductory business courses. The book provides detailed explanations in the context of core themes such as customer satisfaction, ethics, entrepreneurship, global business, and managing change. Introduction to Business includes hundreds of current business examples from a range of industries and geographic locations, which feature a variety of individuals. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of business concepts, with attention to the knowledge and skills necessary for student success in this course and beyond. This is an adaptation of Introduction to Business by OpenStax. You can access the textbook as pdf for free at openstax.org. Minor editorial changes were made to ensure a better ebook reading experience. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

A timely guide to making the best investment strategies even better A wide variety of strategies have been identified over the years, which purportedly outperform the stock market. Some of these include buying undervalued stocks while others rely on technical analysis techniques. It's fair to say no one method is fool proof and most go through both up and down periods. The challenge for an investor is picking the right method at the right time. The Little Book of Stock Market Profits shows you how to achieve this elusive goal and make the most of your time in today's markets. Written by Mitch Zacks, Senior Portfolio Manager of Zacks Investment Management, this latest title in the Little Book series reveals stock market strategies that really work and then shows you how they can be made even better. It skillfully highlights earnings-based investing strategies, the hallmark of the Zacks process, but it also identifies strategies based on valuations, seasonal patterns and price momentum. Specifically, the book: Identifies stock market investment strategies that work, those that don't, and what it takes for an individual investor to truly succeed in today's dynamic market Discusses how the performance of each strategy examined can be improved by combining into them into a multifactor approach Gives investors a clear path to integrating the best investment strategies of all time into their own personal portfolio Investing can be difficult, but with the right strategies you can improve your overall performance. The Little book of Stock Market Profits will show you how.

Dr. Donald DePamphilis explains the real-world of mergers, acquisitions, and restructuring based on his academic knowledge and personal experiences with over 30 such deals himself. The 77 case studies span every industry and countries and regions worldwide show how deals are done rather than just the theory behind them, including cross-border transactions. New additions to the third edition: 17 new cases, with all 77 cases updated, Glossary, real options applications, projecting growth rates. - Practical, real-world approach with 77 case studies from around the globe

Master's Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: Pass, Cranfield University (Cranfield School Of Management), course: Finance & Management, language: English, abstract: This thesis researches the pricing and back testing on structured products in the United Kingdom Market. We conclude that structured products do not give equity like returns. The structured products performance is evaluated on the basis of pricing and back testing is performed on three different instruments issued in the United Kingdom market. Their returns are compared with the returns of the FTSE 100 index, UK Treasury Bond and the Synthetic Instruments. The Black and Scholes model for dividend payments is used in this study to calculate the option prices of the structured products.