It is the objective of the series IIMaterials Research and Engineeringll to publish information on technical facts and pro cesses together with specific scientific models and theories. Fundamental considerations assist in the recognition of the origin of properties and the roots of processes. By providing a higher level of understanding, such considerations form the basis for further improving the quality of both traditional and future engineering materials, as well as the efficiency of industrial operations. In a more general sense, theory helps to integrate facts into a framework which ties relations between physical equilibria and mechanisms on the one hand, product development and econo mical competition on the other. Aspects of environmental compati bili ty, conservation of resources and of socio-cul tural inter action form the final horizon - a subject treated in the first ll volume of this series, IIMaterials in World Perspective . The four authors of the present book endeavor to present a comprehensive picture of process modelling in the important field of metal forming and thermomechanical treatment. The reader will be introduced to the rapidly-growing new field of application of computer-aided numerical methods to the quanti tative simulation of complex technical processes. Extensive use is made of the state of scientific knowledge related to materials behavior under mechanical stress and thermal treat ment.

This book deals with metal processing and its numerical modelling and simulation. In total, 21 papers from different distinguished authors have been compiled in this area. Various processes are addressed, including solidification, TIG welding, additive manufacturing, hot and cold rolling, deep drawing, pipe deformation, and galvanizing. Material models are developed at different length scales from atomistic simulation to finite element analysis in order to describe the evolution and behavior of materials during thermal and thermomechanical treatment. Materials under consideration are carbon, Q&T, DP, and stainless steels; ductile iron; and aluminum, nickel-based, and titanium alloys. The developed models and simulations shall help to predict structure evolution, damage, and service behavior of advanced materials.

This book is addressed to both research scientists at universities and technical institutes and to engineers in the metal forming industry. It is based upon the author's experience as head of the Materials Science Department of the In stitut fUr Umformtechnik at the University of Stuttgart. The book deals with materials testing for the special demands of the metal for ming industry. The general methods of materials testing, as far as they are not directly related to metal forming, are not considered in detail since many books are available on this subject. Emphasis is put on the determination of processing properties of metallic materials in metal forming, i. e. the forming behavior. This includes the evaluation of stress-strain curves by tensile, up setting or torsion tests as well as determining the limits of formability. Among these subjects, special emphasis has been laid upon recent developments in the field of compression and torsion testing. The transferability of test results is discussed. Some testing methods for the functional properties of workpieces in the final state after metal forming are described. Finally, methods of testing tool materials for bulk metal forming are treated. Testing methods for surface properties and tribological parameters have not been included. The emphasis is put on the deformation of the specimens. Prob lems related to the testing machines and measuring techniques as well as the use of computers are only considered in very few cases deemed necessary.

Flat rolling is considered to be one of the most important and most widely used metal forming processes. This book emphasizes the importance of mathematical simulation of this process in the light of the ever in- creasing need for quality improvements through automation. Mathematical models of the hot, warm and cold rolling processes are discussed, compared and critically evaluated. Engineers in the steel industry will find this book particularly useful in their everyday work.

The application of computer-aided design and manufacturing techniques is becoming essential in modern metal-forming technology. Thus process modeling for the determination of deformation mechanics has been a major concern in research . In light of these developments, the finite element method--a technique by which an object is decomposed into pieces and treated as isolated, interacting sections--has steadily assumed increased importance. This volume addresses advances in modern metal-forming technology, computer-aided design and engineering, and the finite element method.

This volume includes the proceedings of the Seventh Seminar in a Series Sponsored and Organised by the Materials Science, Materials Engineering and Continuing Education Committees of the Institute of Metals held in London on 6 December 1989. This seventh and last volume in the series attempts to review some of the many areas in which numerical methods can be applied as basic tools for the solution of metallurgical problems and to provide a grounding in the principles involved.