Pro forma financial statements are essential elements of a business plan. This accounting worksheet approach provides a practical, step-by-step method to prepare the statements. Using an e-spreadsheet application automates the process, making it simpler, faster, and more accurate. First prepare all of the other sections of the business plan: Executive Summary, Business Description, Products or Services, Market Study, Organizational Structure, Financial Plan, and Personnel Resum�s. Then the pro forma financial statements translate the other components of the business plan into quantitative tables. There are three pro forma financial statements: (1) Income Statement & Changes in Owner's Equity, (2) Balance Sheet, and (3) Cash Flow. The statements are prepared month by month for the first fiscal year, and then by quarters for subsequent years. The pro forma statements allow the entrepreneur to tinker with the assumptions in the business plan: sales price, expenses, investments, etc. Once the statements are set up in an e-spreadsheet, changes in any assumption cascade through the whole worksheet. The statements are also crucial elements of business plans presented to potential investors or lenders. An e-spreadsheet approach makes it possible to create attractive, informative pro forma financial statements.

Foundations of Real Estate Financial Modelling is specifically designed to provide an overview of pro forma modelling for real estate projects. The book introduces students and professionals to the basics of real estate finance theory before providing a step-by-step guide for financial model construction using Excel. The idea that real estate is an asset with unique characteristics which can be transformed, both physically and financially, forms the basis of discussion. Individual chapters are separated by functional unit and build upon themselves to include information on: Amortization Single-Family Unit Multi-Family Unit Development/Construction Addition(s) Waterfall (Equity Bifurcation) Accounting Statements Additional Asset Classes Further chapters are dedicated to risk quantification and include scenario, stochastic and Monte Carlo simulations, waterfalls and securitized products. This book is the ideal companion to core real estate finance textbooks and will boost students Excel modelling skills before they enter the workplace. The book provides individuals with a step-by-step instruction on how to construct a real estate financial model that is both scalable and modular. A companion website provides the pro forma models to give readers a basic financial model for each asset class as well as methods to quantify performance and understand how and why each model is constructed and the best practices for repositioning these assets.

This resource provides interpretive guidance and implementation strategies for all preparation, compilation examination and agreed upon procedures on prospective financial information: Helps with establishing proven best-practices. Provides practical tools and resources to assist with compliance. Exposes potential pitfalls associated with independence and ethics requirements. SSAE No. 18 SSARS No. 23 Preparation and compilation engagements now fall under the SSARSs The attestation engagements require an assertion from the responsible party

A discussion-based learning approach to corporate finance fundamentals Lessons in Corporate Finance explains the fundamentals of the field in an intuitive way, using a unique Socratic question and answer approach. Written by award-winning professors at M.I.T. and Tufts, this book draws on years of research and teaching to deliver a truly interactive learning experience. Each case study is designed to facilitate class discussion, based on a series of increasingly detailed questions and answers that reinforce conceptual insights with numerical examples. Complete coverage of all areas of corporate finance includes capital structure and financing needs along with project and company valuation, with specific guidance on vital topics such as ratios and pro formas, dividends, debt maturity, asymmetric information, and more. Corporate finance is a complex field composed of a broad variety of sub-disciplines, each involving a specific skill set and nuanced body of knowledge. This text is designed to give you an intuitive understanding of the fundamentals to provide a solid foundation for more advanced study. Identify sources of funding and corporate capital structure Learn how managers increase the firm's value to shareholders Understand the tools and analysis methods used for allocation Explore the five methods of valuation with free cash flow to firm and equity Navigating the intricate operations of corporate finance requires a deep and instinctual understanding of the broad concepts and practical methods used every day. Interactive, discussion-based learning forces you to go beyond memorization and actually apply what you know, simultaneously developing your knowledge, skills, and instincts. Lessons in Corporate Finance provides a unique opportunity to go beyond traditional textbook study and gain skills that are useful in the field.

An investigation of the practice of “commoning” in urban housing and its necessity for challenging economic injustice in our rapidly gentrifying cities Provoked by mass evictions and the onset of gentrification in the 1970s, tenants in Washington, D.C., began forming cooperative organizations to collectively purchase and manage their apartment buildings. These tenants were creating a commons, taking a resource—housing—that had been used to extract profit from them and reshaping it as a resource that was collectively owned by them. In Carving Out the Commons, Amanda Huron theorizes the practice of urban “commoning” through a close investigation of the city’s limited-equity housing cooperatives. Drawing on feminist and anticapitalist perspectives, Huron asks whether a commons can work in a city where land and other resources are scarce and how strangers who may not share a past or future come together to create and maintain commonly held spaces in the midst of capitalism. Arguing against the romanticization of the commons, she instead positions the urban commons as a pragmatic practice. Through the practice of commoning, she contends, we can learn to build communities to challenge capitalism’s totalizing claims over life.