This volume is comprised of over 2,300 annotations on a wide array of issues and topics germane to the subject of preventing the atrocities of genocide and managing these conflicts when they do arise. Samuel Totten brings together in one comprehensive collection the research and findings in various fields, such as political science, sociology, history, and psychology, to enable specialists in genocide studies, peace studies, and conflict resolution to benefit from the insights of a diverse range of scholars and foster an understanding of how the various components of genocide studies connect. Among the topics included are: key conventions, international treaties, and covenants genocide early warning signals and forecasting risk data bases sanctions peacekeeping missions conflict resolution the International Criminal Court realpolitik vis-à-vis the issue of genocide prevention and intervention key non-governmental agencies key governmental and UN bodies working on these important issues. In addition to the annotations, Totten frames the bibliography with a major essay that introduces the reader to the subject of prevention and intervention of genocide, raising a host of critical issues regarding the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of various approaches germane to issues of managing these conflicts.

A revelatory examination of the Nobel Peace Prize—the most prestigious, admired, and controversial honor of our time. The Nobel Prize, regardless of category, has always been surrounded by politics, intrigue, even scandal. But those pale in comparison to the Peace Prize. In Betraying the Nobel, Norwegian writer Unni Turrettini completely upends what we thought we knew about the Peace Prize—both its history and how it is awarded. As 1984’s winner, Desmond Tutu, put it, “No sooner had I got the Nobel Peace Prize than I became an instant oracle.” However, the Peace Prize as we know it is corrupt at its core. In the years surrounding World War I and II, the Nobel Peace Prize became a beacon of hope, and, through its peace champions, became a reference and an inspiration around the world. But along the way, something went wrong. Alfred Nobel made the mistake of leaving it to the Norwegian Parliament to elect the members of the Peace Prize committee, which has filled the committee with politicians more loyal to their political party’s agenda than to Nobel’s prize's prerogative. As a result, winners are often a result of political expediency. Betraying the Nobel will delve into the surprising, and often corrupt, history of the prize, and examine what the committee hoped to obtain by its choices, including the now-infamously awarded Cordell Hull, as well as Henry Kissinger, Al Gore, and Barack Obama. Turrettini shows the effects of increased media attention, which have turned the Nobel into a popularity prize, and a controversial and provocative commendation. The selection of winners who are not peace champions according to the mandates of Alfred Nobel’s will creates distrust. So does lack of transparency in the selection process. As trust in leadership and governance reaches historic lows, the Nobel Peace Prize should be a lodestar. Yet the modern betrayal of the Nobel’s spirit and intentions plays a key role in keeping societal dysfunctions alive. But there is hope. Betraying the Nobel will show how the Nobel Peace Prize can again become a beacon for leadership, a catalyst for change, and an inspiration for rest of us to strive for greatness and become the peace champions our world needs.

This book presents substantial scientific, archaeological, and historical evidence in support of the Christian worldview. The author argues Christianity is the only religion that affirms God as revealed by nature, identifies the terrible predicament of mankind lost in sin, provides a unique solution to the predicament, and is confirmed true by miracles. Classical arguments for the existence of God are presented in detail. Evidence from modern astronomy reveals a cosmos that had an absolute beginning, was stretched, and is decaying. Evidence from modern science reveals the earth is a privileged planet uniquely suited for intelligent life, not by chance but by design. The inadequacies of evolutionary theory are explained. The author argues intelligent design and creation are superior explanations for the origin of life and the appearance of complex living organisms. Ancient Assyrian chronicles and monuments provide extrabiblical evidence of Old Testament people, places, and events. The Old Testament Law, which appears harsh by our contemporary standards, is amazingly merciful when examined in its ancient Near East context. Archaeological evidence confirms that Israel’s pagan neighbors engaged in hideous religious practices, including extensive child sacrifice. The evidence shows God had morally sufficient reasons to destroy the pagan Canaanite nations. Historical evidence supports belief in the resurrection of Jesus Christ and in the subsequent rise of the early church. The author presents evidence from both Christian and non-Christian sources from the New Testament era. Examination of ancient manuscripts confirms the Bible was preserved, transmitted, and translated accurately throughout history. The author contrasts Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as examples of monotheistic ethical religions. He argues that while all three affirm certain truths, only Christianity solves mankind’s predicament of being lost in sin. Christian truth stands on the greatest miracle of all, the resurrection of Christ and His bodily appearances, confirmed by eyewitnesses.

This book evaluates the extent to which the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) has consolidated as a norm in international society. A consolidated norm in international society is defined here as a regularised pattern of behaviour that is widely accepted as appropriate within a given social context. The analysis is based on the assumption that the R2P could be regarded as a consolidated norm if it were applied consistently when genocide and other mass atrocities occur; and if international responses routinely conformed to the core principles inherent in the R2P: seeking government consent, multilateralism, prevention and regionalism. This book employs Finnemore and Sikkink’s norm lifecycle model to determine the putative norm’s degree of consolidation, with in-depth case studies of the international responses to crises in Darfur and Kenya serving to illuminate the findings. It advances the argument that, whilst the R2P had fully emerged as a prospective norm by 2005, it has not yet fully consolidated as an international norm. The R2P has been remarkably successful at pervading the international discourse but has been somewhat less successful at consistency in implementation in terms of adherence to its core principles as outlined above (the qualitative dimension of the R2P). Furthermore, it has been least successful, to date, in terms of consistency across cases in terms of resolve and tenacity. The volume concludes with a reflection on the norm's progress so far, and its prospects for further consolidation, assuming the R2P continues on its current trajectory. This book will be of much interest to students of the Responsibility to Protect, humanitarian intervention, international law, security studies and IR.