This volume presents state-of-the-art of reviews in the field of multiphase flow. In focusses on nonlinear aspects of multiphase flow networks as well as visualization experiments. The first chapter presents nonlinear aspects or deterministic chaos issues in the systems of multi-phase reactors. The second chapter reviews two-phase flow dynamics in combination with complex network theory. The third chapter discusses evaporation mechanism in the wick of copper heat pipes. The last chapter investigates numerically the flow dynamics and heat and mass transfer in the laminar and turbulent boundary layer on the flat vertical plate.

This book gathers outstanding papers on numerical modeling in Mechanical Engineering (Volume 2) as part of the proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Numerical Modeling in Engineering (NME 2018), which was held in Ghent, Belgium. The overall objective of the conference was to bring together international scientists and engineers in academia and industry from fields related to advanced numerical techniques, such as the finite element method (FEM), boundary element method (BEM), isogeometric analysis (IGA), etc., and their applications to a wide range of engineering disciplines. This book addresses various industrial engineering applications of numerical simulations to Mechanical and Materials Engineering, including: Aerospace applications, Acoustic analysis, Biomechanical applications, Contact problems and wear, Heat transfer analysis, Vibration and dynamics, Transient analysis, Nonlinear analysis, Composite materials, Polymers, Metal alloys, Fracture mechanics, Fatigue of materials, Creep behavior, Phase transformation, and Crystal plasticity.

This book provides design engineers using gas-liquid two-phase flow in different industrial applications the necessary fundamental understanding of the two-phase flow variables. Two-phase flow literature reports a plethora of correlations for determination of flow patterns, void fraction, two- phase pressure drop and non-boiling heat transfer correlations. However, the validity of a majority of these correlations is restricted over a narrow range of two -phase flow conditions. Consequently, it is quite a challenging task for the end user to select an appropriate correlation/model for the type of two-phase flow under consideration. Selection of a correct correlation also requires some fundamental understanding of the two-phase flow physics and the underlying principles/assumptions/limitations associated with these correlations. Thus, it is of significant interest for a design engineer to have knowledge of the flow patterns and their transitions and their influence on two-phase flow variables. To address some of these issues and facilitate selection of appropriate two-phase flow models, this volume presents a succinct review of the flow patterns, void fraction, pressure drop and non-boiling heat transfer phenomenon and recommend some of the well scrutinized modeling techniques.

Presenting tools for understanding the behaviour of gas-liquid flows based on the ways large scale behaviour relates to small scale interactions, this text is ideal for engineers seeking to enhance the safety and efficiency of natural gas pipelines, water-cooled nuclear reactors, absorbers, distillation columns and gas lift pumps. The review of advanced concepts in fluid mechanics enables both graduate students and practising engineers to tackle the scientific literature and engage in advanced research. It focuses on gas-liquid flow in pipes as a simple system with meaningful experimental data. This unified theory develops design equations for predicting drop size, frictional pressure losses and slug frequency, which can be used to determine flow regimes, the effects of pipe diameter, liquid viscosity and gas density. It describes the effect of wavy boundaries and temporal oscillations on turbulent flows, and explains transition between phases, which is key to understanding the behaviour of gas-liquid flows.

Annular Two-Phase Flow presents the wide range of industrial applications of annular two-phase flow regimes. This book discusses the fluid dynamics and heat transfer aspects of the flow pattern. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the classification of the various types of interface distribution observed in practice. This text then examines the various regimes of two-phase flow with emphasis on the regions of occurrence of the annular flow regime. Other chapters consider the single momentum and energy balances, which illustrate the differences and analogies between single- and two-phase flows. This book discusses as well the simple modes for annular flow with consideration to the calculation of the profile of shear stress in the liquid film. The final chapter deals with the techniques that are developed for the measurement of flow pattern, entrainment, and film thickness. This book is a valuable resource for chemical engineers.

This book is the maiden volume in a new series devoted to lectures delivered through the annual seminars “Short Courses on Multiphase Flow,” held primarily at ETH Zurich continuously since 1984. The Zurich short courses, presented by prominent specialists in the various topics covered, have attracted a very large number of participants. This series presents fully updated and when necessary re-grouped lectures in a number of topical volumes. The collection aims at giving a condensed, critical and up-to-date view of basic knowledge on multiphase flows in relation to systems and phenomena encountered in industrial applications. The present volume covers the background of Multiphase Flows (MPF) that introduces the reader to the particular nature and complexity of multiphase flows and to basic but critical aspects of MPFs including concepts and the definition of the quantities of interest, an introduction to modelling strategies for MPFs, flow regimes, flow regime maps and tr ansition criteria. It also deals with the ubiquitous needs of the multiphase-flow modeller, namely pressure drop and phase distribution, i.e., the void fraction and the topology of the phases that determines the flow regimes.

High fidelity nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic simulations are a hot research topic in the development of nuclear engineering technology. The three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Computational Multi-phase Fluid Dynamics (CMFD) methods have attracted significant attention in predicting single-phase and multi-phase flows under steady-state or transient scenarios in the field of nuclear reactor engineering. Compared with three-dimensional thermal hydraulic methods, the traditional one-dimensional system analysis method contains inherent defects in the required accuracy and spatial resolution for a number of important nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulic phenomena. At present the CFD method has been widely adopted in the nuclear industry, across both light water reactors and liquid metal cooled fast reactors, providing an effective solution for complex issues of thermal hydraulic analysis. However, the CFD method employs empirical models for turbulence simulation, heat transfer, multi-phase interaction and chemical reactions. Such models must be validated before they can be used with confidence in nuclear reactor applications. In addition, user practice guidelines play a critical role in achieving reliable results from CFD simulations.