In 1910 the critic Roger Fry organized an exhibition at the Grafton Galleries, London, of avant-garde painting which included works by Cezanne, Van Gogh, Gauguin and Matisse. This exhibition became as important a landmark in the official histories of modern art as the subsequent Armory Show in America. These artists did not belong to a single unified movement defined or recognized at the time, and Fry, in a quandary as to what to call the exhibition, and losing patience at the last minute, said, "Oh, let's just call them Post-Impressionists; at any rate, they came after the Impressionists". In this way one of the important critical categories, one of the "isms" of modern art, was born. But "Post-Impressionism" was not a name which Van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat or Cezanne or any artists of the period would have applied to themselves. The documents in this book, many of which appear in English for the first time, show how artists and critics in the aftermath of Impressionism did describe themselves: how they responded to tradition, to each other and to the kaleidoscope of the contemporary scene. This was a period of reconsideration, of moving on from aspects of Impressionism, and of coming to grips with the isolation that avant-garde art had imposed on the individual artist. It was a period in which the emphasis within Impressionism on the construction of painting purely by means of color had left artists with the question of how the power of this basic form related to their own feelings and to nature. New ideas were coming from poetry as well as painting that laid the basis for modernism. These issues and the personal struggles of the artists themselves are revealed in their letters, and inthe writings of friends and critics, many of whom, such as Mallarme, Laforgue, Huysmans, and Proust were novelists and poets. This book also includes commentaries from Rainer Maria Rilke, Virginia Woolf, and W. H. Auden as well as modern critics, artists, philosophers and art historians: Georges Bataille, Paul Klee, and Meyer Schapiro on Van Gogh; John Berger on Bonnard; Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Clement Greenberg, Adrian Stokes and Lawrence Gowing on Cezanne. The text is illustrated with 119 colorplates and 125 black and white reproductions of contemporary photographs, cartoons, documents, prints and drawings.

A collection of artwork for children by Vincent van Gogh and other French artists.

An authoritative analysis of the drawings (including watercolours and pastels) of twenty leading Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists in one magnificent volume.Manet, Pissarro, Morisot, Cézanne, Seurat, Gauguin, Van Gogh and their colleagues made some of the most beautiful drawings in the history of art. This book sets drawings by the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists in the context of late 19th-century France and explains why these particular works are as important as their paintings in the representation of modernity.A new approach to materials and a wholly inclusive attitude to exhibitions gave drawings a more elevated status in this period than ever before, which avant-garde artists welcomed in their preference for scenes from contemporary life. For the first time also, painting and drawing shared the same stylistic principles of spontaneity, freer handling and lack of finish. Pastels by Degas, watercolours by Cézanne, pen-and-ink drawings by Van Gogh and mixed media works by Toulouse-Lautrec have an autonomy of their own, which proved instrumental in the development of modern art.The distinguished art historian Christopher Lloyd examines the drawings of twenty of the leading Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, highlighting an aspect of French avant-garde art that remains relatively unexplored and was of immense importance for the art movements that followed.

Discusses the characteristics of the Post-Impressionism movement which began in the late 1880s and presents biographies of fifteen Post-Impressionist artists.

The essays in this wide-ranging, beautifully illustrated volume capture the theoretical range and scholarly rigor of recent criticism that has fundamentally transformed the study of French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art. Readers are invited to consider the profound issues and penetrating questions that lie beneath this perennially popular body of work as the contributors examine the art world of late nineteenth-century France—including detailed looks at Monet, Manet, Pissarro, Degas, Cézanne, Morisot, Seurat, Van Gogh, and Gauguin. The authors offer fascinating new perspectives, placing the artworks from this period in wider social and historical contexts. They explore these painters' pictorial and market strategies, the critical reception and modern criteria the paintings engendered, and the movement's historic role in the formation of an avant-garde tradition. Their research reflects the wealth of new documents, critical approaches, and scholarly exhibitions that have fundamentally altered our understanding of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism. These essays, several of which have previously been familiar only to scholars, provide instructive models of in-depth critical analysis and of the competing art historical methods that have crucially reshaped the field. Contributors: Carol Armstrong, T. J. Clark, Stephen F. Eisenman, Tamar Garb, Nicholas Green, Robert L. Herbert, John House, Mary Tompkins Lewis, Michel Melot, Linda Nochlin, Richard Shiff, Debora Silverman, Paul Tucker, Martha Ward