This paper uses book translation data as a measure of idea flows to document a robust empirical relationship between these data and two measures of population relatedness: linguistic and genetic distance. I find a significant negative relationship between linguistic distance and book translations that is robust to a variety of controls, fixed effects specifications and sample restrictions. Genetic distance similarly exhibits negative correlation with book translations, but after conditioning on linguistic and geographic distance the sign is reversed. This conditional positive relationship between genetic distance and book translations is statistically significant and robust to numerous robustness checks. The benchmark estimate indicates that a one standard deviation increase in linguistic distance reduces book translations by 12 percent, while a one standard deviation increase in genetic distance increases book translations by 10 percent. I argue linguistic distance reflects a cost on idea flows via the translatability of a language pair, whereas genetic distance captures a concomitant incentive to communicate when dissimilar countries have more to learn from each other.

The Handbooks in Economics series continues to provide the various branches of economics with handbooks which are definitive reference sources, suitable for use by professional researchers, advanced graduate students, or by those seeking a teaching supplement. The Handbook of Economic Growth, edited by Philippe Aghion and Steven Durlauf, with an introduction by Robert Solow, features in-depth, authoritative survey articles by the leading economists working on growth theory. Volume 1a, the first in this two volume set, covers theories of economic growth, the empirics of economic growth, and growth policies and mechanisms. Volume 1b, the second in this two volume set, covers technology, trade and geography, and growth and socio-economic development.

In 1950 men and women in the United States had a combined life expectancy of 68.9 years, the 12th highest life expectancy at birth in the world. Today, life expectancy is up to 79.2 years, yet the country is now 28th on the list, behind the United Kingdom, Korea, Canada, and France, among others. The United States does have higher rates of infant mortality and violent deaths than in other developed countries, but these factors do not fully account for the country's relatively poor ranking in life expectancy. International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages: Dimensions and Sources examines patterns in international differences in life expectancy above age 50 and assesses the evidence and arguments that have been advanced to explain the poor position of the United States relative to other countries. The papers in this deeply researched volume identify gaps in measurement, data, theory, and research design and pinpoint areas for future high-priority research in this area. In addition to examining the differences in mortality around the world, the papers in International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages look at health factors and life-style choices commonly believed to contribute to the observed international differences in life expectancy. They also identify strategic opportunities for health-related interventions. This book offers a wide variety of disciplinary and scholarly perspectives to the study of mortality, and it offers in-depth analyses that can serve health professionals, policy makers, statisticians, and researchers.

Economic growth has traditionally been attributed to the increase in national production arising from technological innovation. Using a panel of seventy-nine countries bridging the North-South divide, Patent Intensity and Economic Growth is an important empirical study on the uncertain relationship between patents and economic growth. It considers the impact of one-size-fits-all patent policies on developing countries and their innovation-based economic growth, including those policies originating from the World Intellectual Property Organization, the World Trade Organization and the World Health Organization, as well as initiatives derived from the TRIPS Agreement and the Washington Consensus. This book argues against patent harmonization across countries and provides an analytical framework for country group coalitioning on policy at UN level. It will appeal to scholars and students of patent law, national and international policy makers, venture capitalist investors, and research and development managers, as well as researchers in intellectual property, innovation and economic growth.

Restructured and revised in sync with the revised syllabus & updated guidelines by the CBSE board. A gist of major modifications: Brain Teaser blocks to test logical clarity and implication based learning. Test Your Understanding blocks to promote application, analysis & evaluation of concepts. Basic Numericals following hand-holding approach for budding economists. Categorisation & sub-classification of numericals for easy identification of nature of problem. HOTS: Each chapter is splashed with HOTS to promote clarity of the basics and provide some food for thought to the avid readers. ‘Did You Know’ blocks are provided in each chapter to highlight the significance of core concepts. Wide variety of questions: A wide variety of questions patterned along the CBSE released Sample Question Paper (2023) have been incorporated in each Chapter. The category of questions incorporated are: Competency-Based Learning: Objective Questions: Multiple Choice Questions Fill in the Blanks True-False alternatives Choose the Correct Pair of Statements/Identify the Correct Sequence of Alternatives One Liners: Answer with Reason Competency Based Learning: Data/Picture Based & Case-Study Based Questions Data/Picture Based Questions, Case-Study Based Questions Competency Based Learning: Descriptive Questions: Very Short Answer Type Questions HOTS & applications Analysis & Evaluation NCERT questions (with hints to answers) Miscellaneous Questions and Reference to the Text for Answers Solved Numericals Unsolved Numericals We have also added sample projects patterned along the latest CBSE format for the reference of the students. Sample Paper by “VK Global Study Group” based on the specimen paper woven along the same structure and blueprint as suggested in the CBSE released Sample Question Paper-2023 has been included. Harmony and Synchronisation: To maintain clarity of thought; the information in our book has been compiled and presented in a step by step manner so that students are able to comprehend things better. Comprehensive and elucidative tabular and diagrammatic presentation via flow charts etc. have been done wherever necessary.

Do the languages people speak influence their economic decisions and social behavior in multilingual societies? This Handbook brings together scholars from various disciplines to examine the links and tensions between economics and language to find the delicate balance between monetary benefits and psychological costs of linguistic dynamics.