This book proposes that subjective expression shapes grammatical and lexical patterning in American English conversation. Analyses of structural and functional properties of English conversational utterances indicate that the most frequent combinations of subject, tense, and verb type are those that are used by speakers to personalize their contributions, not to present unmediated descriptions of the world. These findings are informed by current research and practices in linguistics which argue that the emergence, or conventionalization, of linguistic structure is related to the frequency with which speakers use expressions in discourse. The use of conversational data in grammatical analysis illustrates the local and contingent nature of grammar in use and also raises theoretical questions concerning the coherence of linguistic categories, the viability of maintaining a distinction between semantic and pragmatic meaning in analytical practice, and the structural and social interplay of speaker point of view and participant interaction in discourse.

This book proposes that subjective expression shapes grammatical and lexical patterning in American English conversation. Analyses of structural and functional properties of English conversational utterances indicate that the most frequent combinations of subject, tense, and verb type are those that are used by speakers to personalize their contributions, not to present unmediated descriptions of the world. These findings are informed by current research and practices in linguistics which argue that the emergence, or conventionalization, of linguistic structure is related to the frequency with which speakers use expressions in discourse. The use of conversational data in grammatical analysis illustrates the local and contingent nature of grammar in use and also raises theoretical questions concerning the coherence of linguistic categories, the viability of maintaining a distinction between semantic and pragmatic meaning in analytical practice, and the structural and social interplay of speaker point of view and participant interaction in discourse.

An interactive, multimedia text that introduces students to reading and writing at the college level.

Want to improve your English writing skills? This guide will quickly and clearly teach you how to master written language. You’ll learn: -How to write concisely, to be easily understood -How to vary your structure and vocabulary, to keep readers engaged -How to use advanced language appropriately -How to edit your work, and adapt it for different subjects …and much more! In Advanced Writing Skills for Students of English, writing tips are presented with a focus on why different styles and techniques work. You’ll not only learn what makes writing most effective, you’ll discover the reasoning behind it, making it easier to remember and apply. As well as covering general writing tips, across all subjects, this book also offers guidance on specific areas of writing, including business, academic and creative writing. You'll advance faster with this guide, thanks to Phil Williams’ usual accessible and flexible style.

The so-called Sumerian conjugation prefixes are the most poorly understood and perplexing elements of Sumerian verbal morphology. Approaching the problem from a functional-typological perspective and basing the analysis upon semantics, Professor Woods argues that these elements, in their primary function, constitute a system of grammatical voice, in which the active voice is set against the middle voice.

This volume explores a rich variety of linkages between grammar and social interaction.