This book outlines issues related to massive integration of electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into power grids. Electricity is becoming the preferred energy vector for the next new generation of road vehicles. It is widely acknowledged that road vehicles based on full electric or hybrid drives can mitigate problems related to fossil fuel dependence. This book explains the emerging and understanding of storage systems for electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. The recharging stations for these types of vehicles might represent a great advantage for the electric grid by facilitating integration of renewable and distributed energy production. This book presents a broad review from analyzing current literature to on-going research projects about the new power technologies related to the various charging architectures for electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. Specifically focusing on DC fast charging operations, as well as, grid-connected power converters and the full range of energy storage systems. These key components are analyzed for distributed generation and charging system integration into micro-grids. The authors demonstrate that these storage systems represent effective interfaces for the control and management of renewable and sustainable distributed energy resources. New standards and applications are emerging from micro-grid pilot projects around the world and case studies demonstrate the convenience and feasibility of distributed energy management. The material in this unique volume discusses potential avenues for further research toward achieving more reliable, more secure and cleaner energy.

The papers presented in this volume address diverse challenges in energy systems, ranging from operational to investment planning problems, from market economics to technical and environmental considerations, from distribution grids to transmission grids and from theoretical considerations to data provision concerns and applied case studies. The International Symposium on Energy System Optimization (ISESO) was held on November 9th and 10th 2015 at the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS) and was organized by HITS, Heidelberg University and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

This thesis deals with the challenges to frequency stability in the European electricity grid posed by the increasing share of renewable energy resources and electric vehicles. It evaluates European load frequency control systems for their suitability for integration of electric vehicles and the impact of increase in photovoltaic and wind power on frequency stability for the case of Germany, demonstrating a consequent significant increase in frequency control reserve requirements. Evaluation of alternative approaches to load frequency control shows that introduction of an aggregator of distributed energy resources can also significantly reduce the overall infrastructure requirements for grid operators. The operational concepts herein proposed are evaluated using several case studies for optimizing the use of electric vehicles for grid flexibility services by taking into account the user behavior of vehicle owners and supply requirements of these grid services.

Presenting the policy drivers, benefits and challenges for grid integration of electric vehicles (EVs) in the open electricity market environment, this book provides a comprehensive overview of existing electricity markets and demonstrates how EVs are integrated into these different markets and power systems. Unlike other texts, this book analyses EV integration in parallel with electricity market design, showing the interaction between EVs and differing electricity markets. Future regulating power market and distribution system operator (DSO) market design is covered, with up-to-date case studies and examples to help readers carry out similar projects across the world. With in-depth analysis, this book describes: the impact of EV charging and discharging on transmission and distribution networks market-driven EV congestion management techniques, for example the day-ahead tariff based congestion management scenario within electric distribution networks optimal EV charging management with the fleet operator concept and smart charging management EV battery technology, modelling and tests the use of EVs for balancing power fluctuations from renewable energy sources, looking at power system operation support, including frequency reserve, power regulation and voltage support An accessible technical book for power engineers and grid/distributed systems operators, this also serves as a reference text for researchers in the area of EVs and power systems. It provides distribution companies with the knowledge they need when facing the challenges introduced by large scale EV deployment, and demonstrates how transmission system operators (TSOs) can develop the existing system service market in order to fully utilize the potential of EV flexibility. With thorough coverage of the technologies for EV integration, this volume is informative for research professors and graduate students in power systems; it will also appeal to EV manufacturers, regulators, EV market professionals, energy providers and traders, mobility providers, EV charging station companies, and policy makers.

Energy usage and consumption continue to rise globally each year, with the most efficient and cost-effective energy sources causing huge impacts to the environment. In an effort to mitigate harmful effects to the environment, implementing clean energy resources and utilizing green energy management strategies have become worldwide initiatives, with many countries from all regions quickly becoming leaders in renewable energy usage. Still, not every energy resource is without flaws. Researchers must develop effective and low-cost strategies for clean energy in order to find the balance between production and consumption. The Research Anthology on Clean Energy Management and Solutions provides in-depth research that explores strategies and techniques used in the energy production field to optimize energy efficiency in order to maintain clean and safe use while delivering ample energy coverage. The anthology also seeks solutions to energy that have not yet been optimized or are still produced in a way that is harmful to the environment. Covering topics such as hydrogen fuel cells, renewable energy, solar power, solar systems, cost savings, and climate protection, this text is essential for electrical engineers, nuclear engineers, environmentalists, managers, policymakers, government officials, professionals in the energy industry, researchers, academicians, and students looking for the latest research on clean energy management.

Renewable Energy for Plug-In Electric Vehicles: Challenges, Approaches, and Solutions for Grid Integration provides a holistic guide to the critical technical challenges of integrating renewable energy for grid-connected electric vehicles. Considering the impact of renewable energy integration from a wide range of perspectives, this book leverages its global range and expertise to cover problems from power stability to market strategies, fast charging, and cybersecurity. Practical solutions are provided, incorporating the latest advances in technologies across meters, sensors, batteries, storage, demand response, artificial intelligence, and power system design. Supporting broad understanding and practical solution development, the book enables researchers, students, and industry professionals to take the next steps towards renewably sourced, grid-integrated electric vehicles. Focuses on the essential step of integrating grid-charging electric vehicles with renewable energy sources Provides comprehensive analysis of the challenge renewable integration presents for existing electric vehicle technologies Breaks down real-world, practical case studies and solutions using the latest advances by a global team of experts