Changes in use of pesticides since 1945; Pesticides on crops - some benefits and problems; Recent developments in the agricultural use of herbicides in relation to ecological effects; Recent developments in the chemical control of agricultural pests and diseases in relation to ecological effects; Pesticides in forestry: an introduction; Ecological effects of the military use of herbicides; Dilemmas in forest pest and disease management; Review of effects of aquatic herbicides; Aquatic herbicides: possible future developments; The onchocerciasis control programme and the monitoring of its effect on the riverine biology of the Volta River Basin; The control of trypanosomiasis; Some problems in the control of malaria; Prediction of ecological effects by pesticides; The furute prospect for wildlife; The future prospect for man.