This book introduces key concepts in modeling and risk assessments of vapor intrusion, a process by which the subsurface volatile contaminants migrate into the building of concern. Soil vapor intrusion is the major exposure pathway for building occupants to chemicals from the subsurface, and its risk assessments determine the criteria of volatile contaminants in soil/groundwater in brownfield redevelopment. The chapters feature the recent advances in vapor intrusion studies and practices, including analytical and numerical modeling of vapor intrusion, statistical findings of United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Vapor Intrusion Database and Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Databases, the challenges of preferential pathways, and the application of building pressure cycling methods, and field practices of vapor intrusion risk assessments at developed contaminated sites and in brownfield redevelopment. This volume also summarizes the advantages and limits of current applications in vapor intrusion risk assessment, laying the groundwork for future research of better understanding in risk characterization of soil vapor intrusion using models. Written by experts in this field, Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments will serve as an invaluable reference for researchers, regulators, and practitioners, who are interested in perceiving the basic knowledge and current advances in risk assessments of soil vapor intrusion.

"This [petroleum vapor intrusion] PVI guidance document from the Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC) builds on existing ITRC VI guidance (2007): Vapor Intrusion Pathway: A Practical Guideline (VI-1). This guidance document serves as a companion to the VI-1 document and also as a stand-alone resource that provides information and tools specific to PVI. [...] This ITRC guidance document applies to various types of petroleum sites and multiple PHC [petroleum hydrocarbons] compounds. This PVI guidance is intended for sites involving VI of PHC compounds and not chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) or other aerobically recalcitrant non-PHC compounds." -- pg. 1

"This report presents an evaluation of empirical data modeling studies of the behavior of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) vapors in subsurface soils at petroleum release sites and how these vapors can affect subsurface-to-indoor air vapor intrusion. Specifically, the report develops an inclusion distance approach for screening petroleum release sites for vapor intrusion that should improve the efficiency of petroleum release site investigations and help focus resources on the sites of most concern for petroleum vapor intrusion (PVI)." -- ES-1.