When Peru's APRA - one of the oldest and most controversial political parties in Latin America - came to power in 1985, expectations were high for the new government, and in part because a decade of economic decline and social crisis had discredited both the military and the right as alternatives. APRA did manage an unprecedented consensus for two years. But a sudden shift in strategy to confrontational rhetoric and authoritarian tactics led to policy stagnation, economic collapse, and a surge of reaction and political violence from extremes of the left and right. Rather than playing the role of the strong centre, APRA acted as a catalyst for the polarisation process. The party's sectarian and authoritarian strains, coupled with the increasingly erratic behaviour of its once-popular young leader, Alan Garcia, created damaging and perhaps irreparable divisions between the party and the rest of society, and between society and polity more generally.

For centuries, Peru's coast, mountains, and jungles have served as the grounds for bustling civilizations, including the Incan Empire. This exciting and comprehensive volume covers social life and culture, political practices, economics, and international influence throughout the ages in Peru, from the earliest social groups dating as far back as 500 BC to life today in the 21st Century. Ideal for high school students and general readers interested in South American history, this volume is an essential addition for high school and public libraries. A timeline of key events, list of notable people who made significant contributions to Peru's history, and a bibliography of print and electronic sources supplement the work. For centuries, Peru's coast, mountains, and jungles have served as the grounds for bustling civilizations, including the Incan Empire. This exciting and comprehensive volume covers social life and culture, political practices, economics, and international influence throughout the ages in Peru, from the earliest social groups dating as far back as 500 BC to life today in the 21st Century. Ideal for high school students and general readers interested in South American history, this volume is an essential addition for high school and public libraries. A timeline of key events, list of notable people who made significant contributions to Peru's history, and a bibliography of print and electronic sources supplement the work.

Case study of the reform activity of the aprista political party in Peru to illustrate the political strategies used by the demographic left to accelerate the process of economic development and social change in Latin American countries - examines strategies and tactics for acceding to political leadership, political problems, the agrarian reform issue, etc. References.

Alan Garcia became President of Peru in July 1985. This book examines his administration and its effects on Peru. The author argues that initially Garcia was successful in tackling the countries problems but that when he left office in 1990 Peru's social, political and economic ills looked worse.

This book considers neopopulism as a central issue to understand patterns of women's citizenship construction in many countries of contemporary Latin America. It also explains the paradoxes entailed for women's participation and citizenship rights.

The most comprehensive and up-to-date student reference on the Cold War, offering expert coverage of all aspects of the conflict in a richly designed format, fully illustrated to give students a vivid sense of life in all countries affected by the war. ABC-CLIO is proud to announce the latest addition to its widely acclaimed legacy of historical reference works for students. Under the direction of internationally known expert Spencer Tucker, Cold War: A Student Encyclopedia captures the vast scope, day-to-day drama, and lasting impact of the Cold War more clearly and powerfully than any other student resource ever published. Ranging from the end of the Second World War to the collapse of the Soviet Union, Cold War: A Student Encyclopedia offers vivid portrayals of leading individuals, significant battles, economic developments, societal/cultural events, changes in military technology, and major treaties and diplomatic agreements. The nearly 1,100 entries, plus topical essays and a documents volume, draw heavily on recently opened Russian, Eastern European, and Chinese archives. Enhanced by a rich program of maps and images, it is a comprehensive, current, and accessible student reference on the dominant geopolitical phenomenon of the late-20th century.