This book will explore the legal avenues available to intersex and transgender female athletes who experience discrimination based on their gender identity and sex characteristics in sports. It will examine how they can seek legal remedies for violations of their human rights under international human rights law, and provide guidance to legal practitioners and athletes on how to access judicial or quasi-judicial bodies in such situations. This is an important topic given the increasing attention being paid to the rights of intersex and transgender female athletes, and the need to ensure that they are not unfairly excluded from participating in sports competitions.

This new edition of the established reference work provides, in the form of a dictionary, a comprehensive and balanced guide to intergovernmental institutions serving political, military, economic, social and cultural purposes. Entries have been thoroughly revised to reflect the changes that have taken place on the world stage since 11 September 2001 and new entries dealing with intergovernmental bodies as well as non-governmental organizations in the trade, parliamentary and human rights fields have been added.

This book provides an evidence-based guide to working with visible difference in therapeutic practice. It explores how appearance problems intersect with other concerns causing mental health issues and provides clear guidance on treatment plans and related topics. Visible difference is a bigger cause of mental distress than is often realised. One in five people have an appearance that is considered ‘different’ to the normal population. The category of ‘visible difference’, previously described as ‘disfigurement’ or simply ‘disability’ captures a range of conditions with varying aetiology, severity, and extent. Differences in appearance can be the result of a birth anomaly, or be caused later in life through illness, physical trauma, or behaviour. Whatever the cause, visible difference can have a negative effect on how individuals are perceived and view themselves. This timely work arrives at a moment of rising professional interest, due to the growth of social media use and the focus this puts on appearance (“the amplification of appearance bias”), and also influenced by the implications new research. The author draws on these findings together with her own research and practice to examine best practice and key issues in addressing visible difference. Particular consideration is given to establishing a good working therapeutic relationship. Whether a trainee, a recently qualified therapist, or an experienced professional wanting to broaden their understanding, this is the ideal text for anyone wanting to better understand this growing area of therapeutic practice.

New Zealand often plays leading roles in implementing progressive ideas. This book investigates what explanatory factors facilitated the country to become such a relevant normative actor. New Zealand’s case suggests that democratic institutions, skilled bureaucracy, and ambitious politicians play the crucial roles to create global influence. The case studies included in this book develop the argument that small states can better influence international politics by focusing on domestic issues. In contributing to discourses on New Zealand’s possible future role, the book is an invaluable resource to intellectuals, researchers, and students alike.