This book is the first to give an authoritative and comprehensive account of the invention of Integrated Circuits (ICs) from an insider who had participated and contributed from the beginning of their invention and advancement to the Ultra Large Scale ICs (ULSICs) of today. It reads like a mystery novel to engross the reader, but it is not based on fiction; it gives documented facts of the invention of ICs, analyzes the patents, and highlights additional details and clarifications of their history. In addition, the book clarifies the Nobel Prize award and raises intriguing questions which as yet remain unanswered even after about half a century since the ICs were invented. This is the invention which has revolutionized the whole world forever!

The latest research innovations and enhanced technologies have altered the discipline of materials science and engineering. As a direct result of these developments, new trends in Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) pedagogy have emerged that require attention. The Handbook of Research on Recent Developments in Materials Science and Corrosion Engineering Education brings together innovative and current advances in the curriculum design and course content of MSE education programs. Focusing on the application of instructional strategies, pedagogical frameworks, and career preparation techniques, this book is an essential reference source for academicians, engineering practitioners, researchers, and industry professionals interested in emerging and future trends in MSE training and education.

Hazardous and Trace Materials in Soil and Plants: Sources, Effects and Management explores the latest advancements in reducing, avoiding and eliminating soil contaminants that challenge the health and safety of agricultural plants. With a focus on minimizing the production of those hazardous substances, controlling their distribution and ensuring safe utilization, the book explores each contributing area and provides insights toward improved, sustainable and secure production. This is an excellent reference resource on both current research and future directions from laboratory research to field applications. The combined impacts of climate change and industrialization have led to increased and diversified threats to the health of the soil in which our food crops are grown, as well as in the plants themselves. This dual-hazard scenario is increasingly recognized as a threat to not just the environment, but to global food security as agricultural soils contaminated with pollutants alter plant metabolism, thus resulting in reduced crop quality and production quantity. - Addresses the challenges of mitigating toxic substances in plants, including agricultural crops - Presents current status and future prospects for managing biotic and abiotic environmental stress factors through plant stress tolerance mechanisms - Includes chapters that address both biotic and abiotic stresses, agricultural and environmental science, toxicology, biotechnology, nanotechnology, and molecular studies - Integrates insights and developments between environmental and plant science