This incisive text deftly combines both theory and practical example to introduce and explore Fourier series and orthogonal functions and applications of the Fourier method to the solution of boundary-value problems. Directed to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics as well as in physics and engineering, the book requires no prior knowledge of partial differential equations or advanced vector analysis. Students familiar with partial derivatives, multiple integrals, vectors, and elementary differential equations will find the text both accessible and challenging. The first three chapters of the book address linear spaces, orthogonal functions, and the Fourier series. Chapter 4 introduces Legendre polynomials and Bessel functions, and Chapter 5 takes up heat and temperature. The concluding Chapter 6 explores waves and vibrations and harmonic analysis. Several topics not usually found in undergraduate texts are included, among them summability theory, generalized functions, and spherical harmonics. Throughout the text are 570 exercises devised to encourage students to review what has been read and to apply the theory to specific problems. Those preparing for further study in functional analysis, abstract harmonic analysis, and quantum mechanics will find this book especially valuable for the rigorous preparation it provides. Professional engineers, physicists, and mathematicians seeking to extend their mathematical horizons will find it an invaluable reference as well.

The orthogonality of functions has been exploited in communications since its very beginning. Conscious and 1 extensive use was made of it by KOTEL NIKOV in theoretical work in 1947. Ten years later a considerable number of people were working in this field rather independently. However, little experimental use could be made of the theo retical results before the arrival of solid state opera tional amplifiers and integrated circuits. A theory of communication based on orthogonal functions could ·have been published many years ago. However, the only useful examples of orthogonal functions at that time were sine .... cosine functions and block pulses, and this made the theory appear to be a complicated way to derive known re sults. It was again the advance of semiconductor techno logy that produced the first really new, useful example of orthogonal functions: the little-known Walsh functions. In this book emphasis is placed on the Walsh functions, since ample literature is available on sine-cosine func tions as well as on block pulses and pulses derived from them.

Climatology and meteorology have basically been a descriptive science until it became possible to use numerical models, but it is crucial to the success of the strategy that the model must be a good representation of the real climate system of the Earth. Models are required to reproduce not only the mean properties of climate, but also its variability and the strong spatial relations between climate variability in geographically diverse regions. Quantitative techniques were developed to explore the climate variability and its relations between different geographical locations. Methods were borrowed from descriptive statistics, where they were developed to analyze variance of related observations-variable pairs, or to identify unknown relations between variables. A Guide to Empirical Orthogonal Functions for Climate Data Analysis uses a different approach, trying to introduce the reader to a practical application of the methods, including data sets from climate simulations and MATLAB codes for the algorithms. All pictures and examples used in the book may be reproduced by using the data sets and the routines available in the book . Though the main thrust of the book is for climatological examples, the treatment is sufficiently general that the discussion is also useful for students and practitioners in other fields. Supplementary datasets are available via http://extra.springer.com

"Oulines an array of recent work on the analytic theory and potential applications of continued fractions, linear functionals, orthogonal functions, moment theory, and integral transforms. Describes links between continued fractions. Pade approximation, special functions, and Gaussian quadrature."

This book provides a systematic and unified approach to the analysis, identification and optimal control of continuous-time dynamical systems via orthogonal polynomials such as Legendre, Laguerre, Hermite, Tchebycheff, Jacobi, Gegenbauer, and via orthogonal functions such as sine-cosine, block-pulse, and Walsh. This is the first book devoted to the application of orthogonal polynomials in systems and control, establishing the superiority of orthogonal polynomials to other orthogonal functions.

This book provides a systematic and unified approach to the analysis, identification and optimal control of continuous-time dynamical systems via orthogonal polynomials such as Legendre, Laguerre, Hermite, Tchebycheff, Jacobi, Gegenbauer, and via orthogonal functions such as sine-cosine, block-pulse, and Walsh. This is the first book devoted to the application of orthogonal polynomials in systems and control, establishing the superiority of orthogonal polynomials to other orthogonal functions.

Models of dynamical systems are of great importance in almost all fields of science and engineering and specifically in control, signal processing and information science. A model is always only an approximation of a real phenomenon so that having an approximation theory which allows for the analysis of model quality is a substantial concern. The use of rational orthogonal basis functions to represent dynamical systems and stochastic signals can provide such a theory and underpin advanced analysis and efficient modelling. It also has the potential to extend beyond these areas to deal with many problems in circuit theory, telecommunications, systems, control theory and signal processing. Modelling and Identification with Rational Orthogonal Basis Functions affords a self-contained description of the development of the field over the last 15 years, furnishing researchers and practising engineers working with dynamical systems and stochastic processes with a standard reference work.