A coherent introduction for researchers in astronomy, particle physics, and cosmology on the formation and evolution of galaxies.

This book focuses on nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution of the universe. The discussion on the universe, using a common language of atomic elements and nucleosynthesis, is presented by leading figures from a wide variety of fields — astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, nuclear physics and particle physics. One of the highlights is the paper on MACHO's by C Alcock, which was the first to be released to the world. Perspectives of the fields are also presented, such as the SUBARU project and the Radioactive Nuclear Beam Project at INS, University of Tokyo.

Galaxies are vast ensembles of stars, gas and dust, embedded in dark matter halos. They are the basic building blocks of the Universe, gathered in groups, clusters and super-clusters. They exist in many forms, either as spheroids or disks. Classifications, such as the Hubble sequence (based on mass concentration and gas fraction) and the colormagnitude diagram (which separates a blue cloud from a red sequence) help to understand their formation and evolution. Galaxies spend a large part of their lives in the blue cloud, forming stars as spiral or dwarf galaxies. Then, via a mechanism that is still unclear, they stop forming stars and quietly end in the red sequence, as spheroids. This transformation may be due to galaxy interactions, or because of the feedback of active nuclei, through the energy released by their central super-massive black holes. These mechanisms could explain the history of cosmic star formation, the rate of which was far greater in the first half of the UniverseÂs life. Galaxies delves into all of these surrounding subjects in six chapters written by dedicated, specialist astronomers and researchers in the field, from their numerical simulations to their evolutions.

This work focuses on current topics in astronomy, astrophysics and nuclear astrophysics. The areas covered are: origin of the universe and nucleosynthesis; chemical and dynamical evolution of galaxies; nova/supernova and evolution of stars; astrophysical nuclear reaction; structure of nuclei with unstable nuclear beams; origin of the heavy element and age of the universe; neutron star and high density matter; observation of elements; high energy cosmic rays; neutrino astrophysics.

This book focuses on current topics in astronomy, astrophysics and nuclear astrophysics. The areas covered are: origin of the universe and nucleosynthesis; chemical and dynamical evolution of galaxies; nova/supernova and evolution of stars; astrophysical nuclear reaction; structure of nuclei with unstable nuclear beams; origin of the heavy element and age of the universe; neutron star and high density matter; observation of elements; high energy cosmic rays; neutrino astrophysics.

This is the proceedings of the International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies which was held near Tokyo, Japan, in November 2003. The meeting brought together many scientists from vast fields OCo nuclear physics, particle physics, cosmic-ray physics, cosmology, astronomy, geophysics, and others OCo to promote discussion and collaboration. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings- (ISTP- / ISI Proceedings). OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). OCo CC Proceedings OCo Engineering & Physical Sciences."