As we approach the end of the present century, the elementary particles of light (photons) are seen to be competing increasingly with the elementary particles of charge (electrons/holes) in the task of transmitting and processing the insatiable amounts of infonnation needed by society. The massive enhancements in electronic signal processing that have taken place since the discovery of the transistor, elegantly demonstrate how we have learned to make use of the strong interactions that exist between assemblages of electrons and holes, disposed in suitably designed geometries, and replicated on an increasingly fine scale. On the other hand, photons interact extremely weakly amongst themselves and all-photonic active circuit elements, where photons control photons, are presently very difficult to realise, particularly in small volumes. Fortunately rapid developments in the design and understanding of semiconductor injection lasers coupled with newly recognized quantum phenomena, that arise when device dimensions become comparable with electronic wavelengths, have clearly demonstrated how efficient and fast the interaction between electrons and photons can be. This latter situation has therefore provided a strong incentive to devise and study monolithic integrated circuits which involve both electrons and photons in their operation. As chapter I notes, it is barely fifteen years ago since the first demonstration of simple optoelectronic integrated circuits were realised using m-V compound semiconductors; these combined either a laser/driver or photodetector/preamplifier combination.

Integrated optoelectronics is becoming ever more important to communications, computer, and consumer industries, with applications in a variety of areas, from consumer electronics to high performance information networks. The requiremets for producing low-cost, highly reliable components for deployment in these new systems have created a technology challenge. Integrated optoelectronics promises to meet the performance and cost objectives of these applications by integrating both optical and electronic components in a highly functional chip. This book provides and overview of this technology.

The book covers the entire topic from the basics of optoelectronics, device physics of photodetectors and light emitters, simulation of photodetectors, and technological aspects of optoelectronic integration in microelectronics to circuit aspects and practical applications. It summarizes the state of the art in integrated silicon optoelectronics and reviews recent publications on this topic. Results of basic research on silicon light emitters are included as well, while published results are compared with each other and with the work of the author.

Explains the circuit design of silicon optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs), which are central to advances in wireless and wired telecommunications. The essential features of optical absorption are summarized, as is the device physics of photodetectors and their integration in modern bipolar, CMOS, and BiCMOS technologies. This information provides the basis for understanding the underlying mechanisms of the OEICs described in the main part of the book. In order to cover the topic comprehensively, Silicon Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits presents detailed descriptions of many OEICs for a wide variety of applications from various optical sensors, smart sensors, 3D-cameras, and optical storage systems (DVD) to fiber receivers in deep-sub-μm CMOS. Numerous detailed illustrations help to elucidate the material.

Integrated optoelectronics is becoming ever more important to communications, computer, and consumer industries. It is the enabling technology in a variety of systems, ranging from low-cost, robust optical componentsin consumer electronics to high-performance broadband information networks capable of supporting video and multimedia conferencing. The requirements for producing low-cost, highly reliable components for deployment in these new systems have created a technology challenge. Integrated optoelectronics promises to meet the performance and cost objectives of these applications by integrating both optical and electronic components in a highly functional chip. This book provides an overview of this exciting newtechnology. Integrated Optoelectronics brings together a group of acknowledged experts from both universities and industry around the world to focus on a common theme of integration. These experts have reported not only on the state-of-the-art, but also on the physics and design experience that goes into implementing integrated chips and modules. This book is a cohesive series of articles that includes a discussion of the intimate trade-offs between materials, processes, devices, functional blocks, packaging,and systems requirements in a truly integrated technology. This integration encompasses electrical, optoelectronic, and optical devices onto monolithic or hybrid chips, and into multichip modules. This volume surveys state-of-the-art research activities in integrated optoelectronics and gathers most of the important references into a single place. It outlines the major issues involved in integrating both optical and electronic components, provides an overview of design and fabrication concepts, and discusses the issues involved in bringing these new chips to the marketplace. This exciting new book: Provides a broad overview of the optoelectronic field, including materials processing, devices, and systems applications Features authors who are acknowledged research experts in this field, from both industry and universities around the world Includes new information on device fabrication, including the latest epitaxial growth and lift-off techniques to permit the mixing of dissimilar materials onto single chips Covers planar processed laser fabrication leading to wafer level automated testing Discusses optimization of devices for integration, including a detailed treatment of the vertical emitting laser and theoretical and experimental coverage of optimization of photodetectors for integration into receiver chips Describes design approaches for multifunctional chips, including photonic circuits for all-optical networks and the design of integrated optoelectronic chips with lasers, photodiodes, and electronic ICs Covers the infrastructure needed to support an integrated technology, including automated design systems which treat both optical and electrical circuits, and multichip packaging approaches for both optical and IC chips

This book discusses some of the most important emerging optoelectronic technologies foreseen to have major technical and business impact in the future. In this spirit, four general technological areas have been selected: optoelectronic display, optical micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), semiconductor lasers for wireless and loop applications, and optoelectronic integration technologies. In each of the four areas, two review articles that provide the technical background and sample some of the most significant recent breakthroughs were authored by the well regarded experts in the field. This book is meant to provide timely information to professionals in optoelectronics, electronics, communications, sensing, and computer areas who want to keep up with the rapidly developing and increasingly diverse optoelectronic technologies.