OPEN (Object-oriented Process, Environment and Notation) is an international de facto standard object-oriented development method developed and maintained by the OPEN Consortium. OPEN consists of the OPEN Modeling Language (OML) as well as process, metrics, etc. This book specifies OML, a small but vital component of the complete OPEN method. It uses diagrams, tables, Web references and text to present the syntax, semantics and rationale behind OML. It documents version 1.0 of OML so that object-oriented modelers can learn and use it, and upperCASE vendors can support it.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Unified Modeling Language, UML'99, held in Fort Collins, CO, USA in September 1999. The 44 revised full papers presented together with two invited contributions and three panel summaries were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 166 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on software architecture, UML and other notations, formalizing interactions, meta modeling, tools, components, UML extension mechanisms, process modeling, real-time systems, constraint languages, analyzing UML models, precise behavioral modeling, applying UML sequence design, and coding.

This volume contains mainly the revised versions of papers presented at the wo- shop '98, "Beyond the Notation", that took place in Mulhouse, France on June 3-4, 1998. We thank all those that have made this possible, and particularly all the people in Mulhouse that worked hard to make this meeting a success, with such a short delay between the announcement and the realization. We are specially grateful to Nathalie Gaertner, who put in a tremendous amount of effort in the initial preparation of the workshop. We were pleasantly surprised of the quality of the submitted material and of the level of the technical exchanges at the Mulhouse meeting. More than one hundred attendees, from about twenty different countries, representing the main actors in the UML research and development scene, gathered in Mulhouse for two full study days. We would like to express our deepest appreciation to the authors of submitted - pers, the editorial committee for this volume, the program committee for the initial workshop, the external referees, and many others who contributed towards the final contents of this volume. April 1999 Jean Bézivin Pierre-Alain Muller

For more than 20 years, the series of Conceptual Modeling – ER conferences has provided a forum for research communities and practitioners to present and - change research results and practical experiences in the ?elds of database design and conceptual modeling. Throughout the years, the scope of these conferences has extended from database design and speci?c topics of that area to more u- versal or re?ned conceptual modeling, organizing originally weak or ill-structured information or knowledge in more cultured ways by applying various kinds of principles, abstract models, and theories, for di?erent purposes. At the same time, many technically oriented approaches have been developed which aim to facilitate the implementation of rather advanced conceptual models. Conceptual modeling is based on the process of conceptualization, and it is the core of system structuring as well as justi?cation for information systems development. It supports and facilitates the understanding, explanation, pred- tion, and reasoning on information and knowledge, and their manipulation in the systems, in addition to understanding and designing the functions of the systems. The conceptualization process aims at constructing concepts relevant for the knowledge and information system in question. Concepts in the human mind and concept descriptions in computerized information systems are quite di?erent things by nature, but both should be taken into account in conceptual modeling. Usually concept descriptions are properly observed, but concepts in the human mind and their properties are often neglected quite carelessly.

This book constitutes the referred proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the Unified Modeling Langugage, UML 2002, held in Dresden, Germany in September/October 2002. The 25 revised full research papers and 5 revised experience papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 127 abstracts and 99 papers submitted. The papers are organized in topical sections on metamodeling, applying the UML, diggind into the metamodel, experience with MDA, real- time and formal semantics, model engineering, profiles, methodology,and diagram interchange and security.

"This book provides insights into state-of-the-art modeling languages and methods used for reference modeling. A reference model provides a blueprint for information systems development and analysis. Well-established reference models for industrial, retail and other industries are described"--Provided by publisher.

Most of the articles in this volume are revised versions of papers presented during the 1st GROOM-Workshop on the Unified Modeling Language (UML). GROOM (Grundlagen objektorientierter Modellierung) is a working group of the Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI), the German Society of Computer Science. The workshop took place at the University of Mannheim (Germany) in October 1997; the local organizers were Martin Schader and Axel Korthaus, Department of Information Systems. The scientific program of the workshop included 21 talks, presented in German language on Friday, Oct. 10th, and Saturday, Oct. 11th, 1997. Researchers and practitioners interested in object-oriented software development, analysis and design of software systems, standardization efforts in the field of object technology, and particularly in the main topic of the workshop: ''Applications, State of the Art, and Evaluation of the Unified Modeling Language" had the opportunity to discuss recent developments and to establish cooperation in these fields. The workshop owed much to its sponsors and supporters - University of Mannheim - Faculty of Business Administration, University of Mannheim - Sun Microsystems GmbH - Apcon Professional Concepts GmbH. Their generous support is gratefully acknowledged. In the present proceedings volume, papers are presented in three chapters as follows.