Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions
Title | Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions PDF eBook |
Author | Dianne E. Rennack |
Publisher | |
Pages | 40 |
Release | 2006 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missle Proliferation Sanctions: Selected Current Law
Title | Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missle Proliferation Sanctions: Selected Current Law PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | DIANE Publishing |
Pages | 43 |
Release | |
Genre | |
ISBN | 1437982220 |
Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions
Title | Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | |
Pages | 0 |
Release | 2001 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
The use of sanctions specifically to stem weapons proliferation is a relatively new development in U.S. foreign policy. While earlier legislation required the cutoff of foreign aid to countries engaged in specified nuclear proliferation activities and mentioned other sanctions as a possible mechanism for bringing countries into compliance with goals of treaties or international agreements, it was not until 1990 that Congress enacted explicit guidelines for trade sanctions related to missile proliferation. In that year a requirement for the President to impose sanctions against U.S. persons or foreign persons engaging in trade of items or technology listed in the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex (MTCR Annex) was added that year to the Arms Export Control Act and to the Export Administration Act of 1979. Subsequently, Congress legislated economic sanctions against countries that contribute to the proliferation of chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons in a broad array of laws. This report offers a listing and brief description of legal provisions that require or authorize the imposition of some form of economic sanction against countries, companies, or persons who violate U.S. nonproliferation norms. For each provision, information is included on what triggers the imposition of sanctions, their duration, what authority the President has to delay or abstain from imposing sanctions, and what authority the President has to waive the imposition of sanctions.
Crs Report for Congress
Title | Crs Report for Congress PDF eBook |
Author | Congressional Research Service: The Libr |
Publisher | BiblioGov |
Pages | 44 |
Release | 2013-10 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9781293026687 |
The use of economic sanctions to stem weapons proliferation acquired a new dimension in the 1990s. While earlier legislation required the cutoff of foreign aid to countries engaged in specified nuclear proliferation activities and mentioned other sanctions as a possible mechanism for bringing countries into compliance with goals of treaties or international agreements, it was not until 1990 that Congress enacted explicit guidelines for trade sanctions related to missile proliferation. In that year a requirement for the President to impose sanctions against U.S. persons or foreign persons engaging in trade of items or technology listed in the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex (MTCR Annex) was added to the Arms Export Control Act and to the Export Administration Act of 1979. Subsequently, Congress legislated economic sanctions against countries that contribute to the proliferation of chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons in a broad array of laws. This report offers a listing and brief description of legal provisions that require or authorize the imposition of some form of economic sanction against countries, companies, or persons who violate U.S. nonproliferation norms. For each provision, information is included on what triggers the imposition of sanctions, their duration, what authority the President has to delay or ...
Proliferation Control Regimes
Title | Proliferation Control Regimes PDF eBook |
Author | Sharon A. Squassoni |
Publisher | Nova Publishers |
Pages | 74 |
Release | 2002 |
Genre | Law |
ISBN | 9781590335598 |
This book provides information on the background and current status of the regimes intended to limit the spread of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and missiles. Weapons of mass destruction (WMD), especially in the hands of radical states and terrorists, represent a major threat to US national security interests. Multilateral regimes were established to restrict world trade in these goods and technologies and to monitor certain civil applications. The nuclear non-proliferation regime encompasses several treaties, extensive multilateral and bilateral diplomatic agreements, multilateral organisations and domestic agencies, and the domestic laws of participating countries. The nuclear regime represents a near-universal international consensus opposing any further spread of nuclear weapons. Since the beginning of the nuclear age, US leadership has played a decisive role in the development of the regime. The regime is being challenged from several directions, as demonstrated by the Indian and Pakistani nuclear detonations in 1998. Many observers believe the success of the nuclear non-proliferation regime should be a top priority and that its outcome will strongly influence the effectiveness of other regimes dedicated to controlling chemical and biological weapons and missiles.
Nonproliferation Sanctions
Title | Nonproliferation Sanctions PDF eBook |
Author | Richard Speier |
Publisher | Minnesota Historical Society |
Pages | 306 |
Release | 2001 |
Genre | History |
ISBN | 9780833029409 |
The proliferation of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons and missiles for these weapons' delivery is a major threat to international security. This study examines the United States' use of sanctions against foreign entities to prevent such proliferation. This study begins with a review of the objectives and provisions of the various U.S. nonproliferation sanctions laws. The legal provisions are compared at each step of the sanctions process. The study then reviews the history of the application of sanctions against proliferation, and the problems revealed by the experience. It then explores alternatives for dealing with these problems-including possible actions by both Congress and the Executive Branch, and concludes with recommendations.
Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions
Title | Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions PDF eBook |
Author | Dianne E. Rennack |
Publisher | Nova Publishers |
Pages | 78 |
Release | 2004 |
Genre | History |
ISBN | 9781590337516 |
The use of economic sanctions to stem weapons proliferation acquired a new dimension in the 1990's. While earlier legislation required the cut-off of foreign aid to countries engaged in specified nuclear proliferation activities and mentioned other sanctions as a possible mechanism for bringing countries into compliance with goals of treaties or international agreements, it was not until 1990 that Congress enacted explicit guidelines for trade sanctions related to missile proliferation. In that year a requirement for the President to impose sanctions against US persons or foreign persons engaging in trade of items or technology listed in the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex (MTCR Annex) was added to the Arms Export Control Act and to the Export Administration Act of 1979. Subsequently, Congress legislated economic sanctions against countries that contribute to the proliferation of chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons in a broad array of laws. This book offers a listing and brief description of legal provisions that require or authorise the imposition of some form of economic sanction against countries, companies, or persons who violate U.S. non-proliferation norms. For each provision, information is included on what triggers the imposition of sanctions, their duration, what authority the President has to delay or abstain from imposing sanctions, and what authority the President has to waive the imposition of sanctions.