Knowledge of the relation between sonic velocity in sediments and rock lithology is one of the keys to interpreting data from seismic sections or from acoustic logs of sedimentary sequences. Reliable correlations of rock velocity with other petrophysical parameters, such as porosity or density, are essential for calculating impedance models for synthetic seismic sections (BIDDLE et al. , 1992; CAMPBELL and STAFLEU, 1992) or identifying the origin of reflectivity on seismic lines (SELLAMI et al. , 1990; CHRISTENSEN and SZYMANSKI, 1991). Velocity is thus an important parameter for correlating lithological with geophysical data. Recent studies have increased our understanding of elastic rock properties in siliciclastic or shaly sediments. The causes for variations in velocity have been investigated for siliciclastic rocks (VERNIK and NUR, 1992), mixed carbonate siliciclastic sediments (CHRISTENSEN and SZYMANSKI, 1991), synthetic sand-clay mixtures (MARION et aI. , 1992) or claystones (JAPSEN, 1993). The concepts derived from these studies are however only partly applicable in pure carbonates. Carbon ates do not have large compositional variations that are, as is the case in the other sedimentary rocks, responsible for velocity contrasts. Pure carbonates are character ized by the lack of any clay or siliciclastic content, but are mostly produced and deposited on the top or on the slope of isolated or detached carbonate platforms, that have no hinterland as a source of terrigeneous material (WILSON, 1975; EBERLI, 1991).

This volume summarizes the results of experimental investigations on the mechanical behaviour of rock. These experiments have been conducted over a 40 year period in the Laboratory for the Physics of Rocks at High Pressure.

The effects of the geologic environment, exclusive of high temperature, have been studied for a number of mechanical properties of rocks. The influence of confining pressure, and strain rates and high pore pressure have been studied for brittle fracture, elastic properties, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, permeability and sliding friction. The rocks studied were typical crustal varieties, ranging in composition from granite to peridotite. We have applied our results to shallow focus earthquakes and to the mechanics of faulting in the earth. (Author).

Excerpt from An Investigation Into the Elastic Constants of Rocks: More Especially With Reference to Cubic Compressibility The determination of the cubic compressibility of solid substances is, as above mentioned, beset with serious difficulties. On the one hand, every direct method which has been suggested presents experimental difficulties which tend to impair its accuracy, while on the other hand the indirect methods are based on assumptions as to the isotropy of the materials, which are not warranted in the case of certain rocks. The indirect methods de pending ou the theory Of elasticity are capable of considerable variation, and it is of interest to examine them in some detail in order to see whether certain of them at least may not be depended upon to give reliable and satisfactory results. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.