Fruit flies are enormously important economic pests, as California has learned over the past few years (remember the Mediterranean Fruit Fly?). The problem is expected to get worse, and issues of both basic research and control measures are very important for this pest. This book is the edited, camera-ready proceedings of a recent international symposium on fruit flies of economic importance. It covers current knowledge of fruit fly physiology, genetics, morphology and behavior. It discusses action programs for controlling and using fruit flies in agronomy, as well as the problem of fruit flies in the fruit growing industry.

Offering A Complete, Illustrated, And Exhaustive Account Of The Facts Relating To The Distribution, Life History And Habits Of Over 250 Species Of Insects; And The Nature And Extent Of The Injury Caused By Them To A Variety Of Major Fruit Crops- Apples, Pear, Quince, Plum, Peach, Cherry, Raspberry, Strawberry, Grapes, Cranberry, Etc.- This Book Is A Compendium Of Valuable Information For Students, Researchers, As Well As Fruit Growers. For Easy Reference, The Details Have Been Set Out Crop-Wise And Then Insect-Wise. Each Insect Species Has Been Introduced Through Historical Notes About It, And The Topic Comes To A Close With List Of References For Further Information. Also, The Means To Control The Fruit Insects Have Been Described Alongwith Details About Different Insecticides- Their Formulation, Preparation And Use. Includes A Carefully Designed And Comprehensive Index. Contents Chapter 1: General Considerations; Chapter 2: Apple Insects-The Fruit; Codlin-Moth, Lesser Apple Worm, Apple Fruit-Miner, Apple Red Bugs, Apple Maggot, Apple Curculio, Apple Weevil, Green Fruit-Worms; Chapter 3: Apple Insects-Buds And Foliage; Bud-Moth, Fringed-Wing Apple Bud-Moth, Apple Bud-Worm, Cigar-Case-Bearer, Palmer-Worm, Click-Beetles, Ribbed Cocoon-Maker Of The Apple, Lesser Apple Leaf-Roller, Apple Leaf-Sewer, Fruit-Tree Leaf-Roller, Oblique-Banded Leaf-Roller, Four-Banded Leaf-Roller, Apple Leaf-Skeletonizer, Leaf-Crumpler, Trumpet Leaf-Miner, Lesser Leaf-Miners Of The Apple, Spring Canker-Worm, Lime-Tree Span-Worm, Mottled Umber-Moth, Bruce S Measuring-Worm, Half-Winged Geometer, White Ennomid, White-Marked Tussock-Moth, California Tussock-Moth, Antique Tussock-Moth, Oriental Moth, Fall Webworm, Apple-Tree Tent-Caterpillar, Western Tent-Caterpillar, Forest Tent-Caterpillar, Yellow-Necked Apple Caterpillar, Red-Humped Apple Caterpillar, Saddled Prominent, Gipsy Moth, Brown-Tail Moth, Climbing Cutworms; Chapter 4: Apple Insects-Aphis, Scales And Others; Plant-Lice Or Aphids, Apple Leaf-Aphis, Rosy Apple Aphis, Apple Bud-Aphis, Woolly Aphis, Buffalo Tree-Hopper, San Jose Scale, Oyster-Shell Scale, Scurfy Scale, Putnam S Scale, Greedy Scale, Apple Leaf-Hopper, Bird S Apple Leaf-Hopper; Chapter 5: Apple Insects-Borers And Miscellaneous; Apple Bud-Borer, Round-Headed Apple-Tree Borer, Spotted Apple-Tree Borer, Flat-Headed Apple-Tree Borer, Apple Wood-Stainer, Bronze Apple-Tree Weevil, Twig-Pruner, Twig-Girdler, Flea-Beetles, Clover-Mite, Two-Spotted Mite, Ring-Legged Tree-Bug, Eye-Spotted Apple-Twig Borer, New York Weevil, Snowy Tree-Cricket, Other Apple Insects; Chapter 6: Pear And Quince Insects; Pear Slug, Pear Psylla, False Tarnished Plant-Bug, Pear Thrips, Pear Midge, Pear-Leaf Blister-Mite, Sinuate Pear Borer, Pear-Blight Beetle, Howard Scale, European Pear Scale, Other Pear Insects, Quince Insects, Quince Curculio, Other Quince Insects; Chapter 7: Plum Insects; Plum Curculio, Plum Gouger, American Plum Borer, Plum Web-Spinning Sawfly, Plum Leaf-Beetle, Hop Plant-Louse, Plum Plant-Louse, Mealy Plum-Louse, Rusty Brown Plum Aphis, European Fruit-Tree Scale, European Fruit Lecanium, Other Plum Insects; Chapter 8: Peach Insects; Peach-Tree Borer, Pacific Peach-Tree Borer, Lesser Peach-Tree Borer, Fruit-Tree Bark-Beetle, Peach Bark-Beetle, Peach Twig-Borer, Striped Peach Worm, Peach Sawfly, Black Peach Aphis, Green Peach Aphis, Terrapin Scale, White Peach Scale, Green June-Beetle, Peach Stop-Back, Other Peach Insects, Chapter 9: Cherry Insects; Cherry Fruit-Flies, Cherry Fruit-Sawfly, Cherry Tree-Tortrix, Cherry Plant-Louse, Cherry Scale, Other Cherry Insects; Chapter 10: Raspberry, Blackberry And Dewberry Insects; Red-Spider, Blackberry Leaf-Miner, Raspberry Sawfly, Raspberry Webworm, Raspberry Leaf-Roller, Blackberry Psyllid, American Raspberry Beetle, Negro-Bug, Tree-Cricket, Raspberry Cane-Borer, Raspberry Cane-Maggot, Red-Necked Cane-Borer, Rose Scale, Other Raspberry And Blackberry Insects; Chapter 11: Currant And Gooseberry Insects; Imported Currant Borer, Imported Currant Worm, Green Currant Worm, Gooseberry Span-Worm, Pepper-And-Salt Currant Moth, Four-Lined Leaf-Bug, Currant Plant-Louse, Gooseberry Midge, Gooseberry Fruit-Worm, Yellow Currant Fruit-Fly, Dark Currant Fruit-Fly, Currant-Stem Girdler, Walnut Scale, Other Currant And Gooseberry Insects; Chapter 12: Strawberry Insects; Strawberry Leaf-Roller, Obsolete-Banded Strawberry Leaf-Roller, Black-Marked Strawberry Slug, Green Strawberry Slug, Strawberry Whitefly, Strawberry Flea-Beetle, Imbricated Snout-Beetle, Strawberry Weevil, Tarnished Plant-Bug, Strawberry Thrips, Ground-Beetles, Strawberry Root-Louse, Strawberry Crown-Moth, Strawberry Crown-Girdler, Black Vine-Weevil, Strawberry Crown-Borer, Fuller S Rose Beetle, Strawberry Root-Worms, White Grubs, Other Strawberry Insects; Chapter 13: Grape Insects; Rose Chafer, Vine Chafers, Grape-Vine Flea-Beetle, Grape Leaf-Hopper, Grape-Leaf Skeletonizer, Grape-Vine Sawfly, Grape Leaf-Folder, Eight-Spotted Forester, Erinose Of The Vine, Grape Plume-Moth, Grape-Cane Borer, Grape-Cane Gall-Maker, Grape-Cane Girdler, Cottony Maple Scale, Grape Scale, Grape-Berry Moth, Grape-Blossom Midge, Grape Curculio, Grape Root-Worm, California Grape Root-Worm, Grape-Vine Root-Borer, Grape Phylloxera, Other Grape Insects; Chapter 14: Cranberry Insects; Black-Headed Cranberry Worm, Yellow-Headed Cranberry Worm, Cranberry Span-Worm, Cranberry Gall-Fly, Cranberry Fruit-Worm, Cranberry Katydid, Cranberry Girdler, False Army-Worm, Cranberry Fulgorid; Chapter 15: Insecticides; Arsenic, Paris Green, London Purple, Arsenate Of Lead, Zinc Arsenite, Hellebore, Soaps, Sulfur, Lime-Sulfur Solution, Emulsions, Miscible Oils, Tobacco, Bordeaux Mixture, Fumigation.

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are among the most destructive agricultural pests in the world, eating their way through acres and acres of citrus and other fruits at an alarming rate and forcing food and agriculture agencies to spend millions of dollars in control and management measures. But until now, the study of fruit flies has been traditionally biased towards applied aspects (e.g., management, monitoring, and mass rearing)-understandable, given the tremendous economic impact of this species. This work is the first that comprehensively addresses the study of the phylogeny and the evolution of fruit fly behavior. An international group of highly renowned scientists review the current state of knowledge and include considerable new findings on various aspects of fruit fly behavior, phylogeny and related subjects. In the past, the topics of phylogeny and evolution of behavior were barely addressed, and when so, often superficially. Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior is a definitive treatment, covering all behaviors in a broad range of tephritids. This volume is divided into eight sections: