The availability of low-cost near-field communication (NFC) devices, the incorporation of NFC readers into most current mobile phones, and the inclusion of energy-harvesting (EH) capabilities in NFC chips make NFC a key technology for the development of green Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In this chapter, an overview of recent advances in the field of battery-less NFC sensors at 13.56 MHz is provided, and a comparison to other short-range RFID technologies is given. After reviewing power transfer in NFC, recommendations for the practical design of NFC-based sensor tags and NFC readers are made. A list of commercial NFC integrated circuits with energy-harvesting capabilities is also provided. A survey of recent battery-less NFC sensors developed by the group including soil moisture, water content, pH, color, and implanted NFC sensors is done.

The implementation of near-field communication (NFC) technology in smartphones has grown rapidly, especially due to the use of this technology as a payment system. In addition, the ability to use the energy transmitted not only for communication, but also for feeding other devices, which together with the low cost of NFC chips and the internet connectivity of the smartphones, allows the design of battery-less RF tags with sensing capabilities, whose information can be sent to the cloud. This is of great interest in the increasing amount of IoT (Internet of Things) scenarios. This book studies the feasibility of these sensors, analyzing the different parameters that have an influence on performance and in the range of operation. It also presents techniques to increase the range and analyzes the effects of certain materials when they are close to the antenna. The design and analysis of several sensors that can be powered and read by any NFC enabled device are presented in this work.

The implementation of near-field communication (NFC) technology in smartphones has grown rapidly, especially due to the use of this technology as a payment system. In addition, the ability to use the energy transmitted not only for communication, but also for feeding other devices, which together with the low cost of NFC chips and the internet connectivity of the smartphones, allows the design of battery-less RF tags with sensing capabilities, whose information can be sent to the cloud. This is of great interest in the increasing amount of IoT (Internet of Things) scenarios. This book studies the feasibility of these sensors, analyzing the different parameters that have an influence on performance and in the range of operation. It also presents techniques to increase the range and analyzes the effects of certain materials when they are close to the antenna. The design and analysis of several sensors that can be powered and read by any NFC enabled device are presented in this work.

The Wireless Power Transfer concept is continuously and rapidly evolving and new challenges arise every day. As a result of these rapid changes, the need for up-to-date texts that address this growing field from an interdisciplinary perspective persists. This book, organized into ten chapters, presents interesting novel solutions in the exploitation of the near- and far-field techniques of wireless power transfer that will be used in the near future, as well as a bird's eye view of some aspects related to an emerging technological area that will change our lives and will change the paradigm of how we use electrical equipment. The book covers the theory and also the practical aspects of technology implementation in a way that is suitable for undergraduate and graduate-level students, as well as researchers and professional engineers.

This book presents state-of-the-art optimization algorithms followed by Internet of Things (IoT) fundamentals. The applications of machine learning and IoT are explored, with topics including optimization, algorithms and machine learning in image processing and IoT. Applications of Optimization and Machine Learning in Image Processing and IoT is a complete reference source, providing the latest research findings and solutions for optimization and machine learning algorithms. The chapters examine and discuss the fields of machine learning, IoT and image processing. KEY FEATURES: • Includes fundamental concepts towards advanced applications in machine learning and IoT. • Discusses potential and challenges of machine learning for IoT and optimization • Reviews recent advancements in diverse researches on computer vision, networking and optimization field. • Presents latest technologies such as machine learning in image processing and IoT This book has been written for readers in academia, engineering, IT specialists, researchers, industrial professionals and students, and is a great reference for those just starting out in the field as well as those at an advanced level.

Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors A systematic and complete discussion of the latest progress in flexible piezoelectric energy harvesting and sensing technologies In Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive exploration of the design methods, working mechanisms, microfabrication processes, and applications of flexible energy harvesters for wearable and implantable devices. The book discusses the monitoring of normal force, shear force, strain, and displacement in flexible sensors, as well as relevant artificial intelligence algorithms. Readers will also find an overview of design and research challenges facing professionals in the field, as well as a variety of perspectives on flexible energy harvesters and sensors. With an extensive focus on the use of flexible piezoelectric material technologies for medical applications, Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors also includes: A thorough introduction to the working principles of piezoelectric devices, including discussions of flexible PEH and piezoelectric sensors Comprehensive treatments of the design of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters, including the challenges associated with their structural design Fulsome explanations of the fabrication of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters, including piezoelectric ceramic thin and think films In-depth treatments of cantilever piezoelectric energy harvesters, including optimized cantilever, bimorph, and optimized bimorph PEH Perfect for materials scientists, electronics engineers, and solid-state physicists, Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors will also earn a place in the libraries of sensor developers, and surface physicists.

The internet of things (IoT) has drawn great attention from both academia and industry, since it offers a challenging notion of creating a world where all things around us are connected to the internet and communicate with each other with minimal human intervention. Another component for helping IoT to succeed is cloud computing. The combination of cloud computing and IoT will enable new monitoring services and powerful processing of sensory data streams. These applications, alongside implementation details and challenges, should also be explored for successful mainstream adoption. IoT is also fueled by the advancement of digital technologies, and the next generation era will be cloud-based IoT systems. Integration and Implementation of the Internet of Things Through Cloud Computing studies, analyzes, and presents cloud-based IoT-related technologies, protocols, and standards along with recent research and development in cloud-based IoT. It also presents recent emerging trends and technological advances of cloud-based IoT, innovative applications, and the challenges and implications for society. The chapters included take a strong look at the societal and social aspects of this technology along with its implementations and technological analyses. This book is intended for IT specialists, technologists, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students who are interested in the next era of IoT through cloud computing.